# 新概念英语第三册笔记（精炼版）

## 教材结构

| 单元 | 课次 | 课文篇幅 | 核心内容 |
|------|------|----------|----------|
| 第一单元 | 1-20课 | 250-350词 | 复合句深入、同位语从句、so/such...that、虚拟语气初步 |
| 第二单元 | 21-40课 | 350-450词 | 强调句、虚拟语气(与过去相反)、倒装句、独立主格、分词作状语 |
| 第三单元 | 41-60课 | 400-500词 | with复合结构、not only倒装、the+比较级、should have done |

> **学习定位**：第三册Developing Skills（培养技能），重点培养写作和阅读理解能力，语法侧重复合句深入与高级句式。

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## 一、语法知识点汇总

### 第一单元（第1-20课）

| 课次 | 课文标题 | 语法要点 |
|------|----------|----------|
| L1 | A puma at large | 同位语从句（that引导，与定语从句区分） |
| L2 | Thirteen equals one | as引导的方式状语从句 / used to do |
| L3 | An unknown goddess | 过去完成时（had done）与定语从句 |
| L4 | The double life of Alfred Bloggs | as引导让步状语从句（倒装）/ 动名词 |
| L5 | The facts | so...that / such...that 结果状语从句 |
| L6 | Smash-and-grab | 现在分词作状语 / 介词+关系代词 |
| L7 | Mutilated ladies | 间接引语 / 条件状语从句 |
| L8 | A famous monastery | 现在分词与过去分词对比 |
| L9 | Flying cats | 让步状语从句 / 情态动词may/might |
| L10 | The loss of the Titanic | 非限制性定语从句（which引导） |
| L11 | Not guilty | as引导非限制性定语从句 / 过去完成时 |
| L12 | Life on a desert island | 虚拟语气初步（wish / if only） |
| L13 | It's only me | 名词性从句 / 强调结构 |
| L14 | A noble gangster | 定语从句 / would rather虚拟 |
| L15 | Fifty pence worth of trouble | 动名词 / 宾语补足语 |
| L16 | Mary had a little lamb | 过去完成时 / 定语从句 |
| L17 | The longest suspension bridge | 比较级与最高级 / 介词+which |
| L18 | Electric currents in modern art | 分词结构作定语和状语 |
| L19 | A very dear cat | 介词+关系代词引导定语从句 |
| L20 | Pioneer pilots | 过去完成时 / 非限制性定语从句 |

### 第二单元（第21-40课）

| 课次 | 课文标题 | 语法要点 |
|------|----------|----------|
| L21 | Daniel Mendoza | 非限制性定语从句 / as引导让步状语倒装 |
| L22 | By heart | 虚拟语气（与过去事实相反） |
| L23 | One man's meat... | 动名词作主语和宾语 |
| L24 | A skeleton in the cupboard | 分词结构 / 定语从句 |
| L25 | The Cutty Sark | 比较句型 / 非限制性定语从句 |
| L26 | Wanted: a large biscuit tin | 动名词 / 宾语从句 |
| L27 | Nothing to sell and nothing to buy | 不定式作主语 / 定语从句 |
| L28 | Five pounds too dear | 让步状语从句 / 虚拟语气 |
| L29 | Funny or not? | 定语从句 / 分词结构 |
| L30 | The death of a ghost | 过去完成时 / 定语从句 |
| L31 | A lovable eccentric | 强调句型（It is...that...） |
| L32 | A lost ship | 定语从句 / 分词作状语 |
| L33 | A day to remember | 分词结构 / 独立主格初步 |
| L34 | A happy discovery | 定语从句 / 过去完成时 |
| L35 | Justice was done | 被动语态 / 名词性从句 |
| L36 | A chance in a million | 虚拟语气（与过去相反） |
| L37 | The Westhaven Express | 强调句 / 定语从句 |
| L38 | The first calendar | 定语从句 / 被动语态 |
| L39 | Nothing to worry about | 情态动词+完成式（should have done） |
| L40 | Who's who | 倒装句 / 名词性从句 |

### 第三单元（第41-60课）

| 课次 | 课文标题 | 语法要点 |
|------|----------|----------|
| L41 | Illusions of pastoral peace | 比较句型 / 虚拟语气 |
| L42 | Modern cavemen | 定语从句 / 分词结构 |
| L43 | Fully insured | 介词+关系代词 / 动名词 |
| L44 | Speed and comfort | 比较句型 / 定语从句 |
| L45 | The power of the press | 定语从句 / 名词性从句 |
| L46 | Do it yourself | 动名词 / 虚拟语气 |
| L47 | Too high a price? | 倒装句 / 比较句型 |
| L48 | The silent village | 定语从句 / 分词结构 |
| L49 | The ideal servant | 虚拟语气 / with复合结构 |
| L50 | New Year resolutions | 动名词 / 不定式 |
| L51 | Predicting the future | 名词性从句 / 定语从句 |
| L52 | Mud is mud | 让步状语从句 / 虚拟语气 |
| L53 | In the public interest | 被动语态 / 定语从句 |
| L54 | Instinct or cleverness? | 名词性从句 / 比较句型 |
| L55 | From the earth: Greetings | whether引导主语从句 / 定语从句 |
| L56 | Our neighbour, the river | 定语从句 / 分词结构 |
| L57 | Back in the old country | 定语从句 / 过去完成时 |
| L58 | A spot of bother | 虚拟语气 / 名词性从句 |
| L59 | Collecting | 动名词 / 定语从句 |
| L60 | Too early and too late | 不定式 / the+比较级the+比较级 |

---

## 二、核心语法体系

### 1. 从句系统

| 从句类型 | 引导词 | 核心要点 | 典型课次 |
|----------|--------|----------|----------|
| 同位语从句 | that/whether/how | 解释名词内容，that不充当成分，与定语从句区分 | L1, L5 |
| 非限制性定语从句 | which/as/who | 有逗号隔开，补充说明，which可指代整句 | L10, L11, L20 |
| as引导让步状语从句 | as | 形容词/副词/名词+as+主谓（倒装） | L4, L21 |
| so/such...that | so/such | so+adj/adv; such+n. 结果状语从句 | L5 |
| whatever/no matter让步 | whatever/no matter | whatever=nomatter what | L9 |
| whether主语从句 | whether | 位于句首引导主语从句 | L55 |

### 2. 虚拟语气

| 类型 | 结构 | 例句 | 课次 |
|------|------|------|------|
| 与现在相反 | If+did/were, would+do | If I were you, I would go. | L12 |
| 与过去相反 | If+had done, would have done | If he had known, he would have come. | L22, L36 |
| 与将来相反 | If+were to/should do, would do | If it should rain, I would stay. | L28 |
| wish | wish+did/had done/would do | I wish I had known the truth. | L12 |
| would rather | would rather+did | I'd rather you came tomorrow. | L14 |
| should have done | should have+过去分词 | You should have told me earlier. | L39 |

### 3. 倒装句

| 类型 | 结构 | 例句 | 课次 |
|------|------|------|------|
| only+副词前置 | Only then did I realize... | Only then did he understand. | L40, L47 |
| 否定词前置 | Never/Hardly/Seldom+助动词+主语 | Never have I seen such a thing. | L47 |
| as让步倒装 | 形容词+as+主谓 | Tired as he was, he continued. | L4, L21 |
| not only...but also | Not only+助动词+主语 | Not only did he come, but he also helped. | L47 |
| so...that倒装 | So+adj+助动词+主语 | So angry was he that he left. | L5 |

### 4. 独立主格与with复合结构

| 结构 | 形式 | 例句 | 课次 |
|------|------|------|------|
| 独立主格 | 名词+分词/形容词/副词 | Weather permitting, we'll go out. | L33 |
| with+宾语+doing | with+n.+现在分词 | With him working hard, the job was done. | L49 |
| with+宾语+done | with+n.+过去分词 | With the door locked, he felt safe. | L49 |
| with+宾语+to do | with+n.+不定式 | With so much to do, I can't rest. | L49 |
| with+宾语+adj/adv/介短 | with+n.+形容词/副词/介词短语 | With the window open, he slept well. | L49 |

### 5. 分词结构

| 类型 | 用法 | 例句 | 课次 |
|------|------|------|------|
| 现在分词作状语 | 表时间/原因/条件/结果 | Walking along the street, I met Tom. | L6, L18 |
| 过去分词作状语 | 表被动/完成 | Seen from the hill, the city looks beautiful. | L8 |
| 分词作定语 | 前置/后置 | The sleeping dog / The book written by him | L18 |
| 分词独立主格 | 逻辑主语+分词 | The meeting over, we went home. | L33 |

### 6. 强调句

| 结构 | 用法 | 例句 | 课次 |
|------|------|------|------|
| It is...that... | 强调主/宾/状语 | It was Tom that broke the window. | L31, L37 |
| It is...who... | 强调人 | It is he who told me the news. | L31 |
| do/does/did+动词 | 强调谓语 | I do like this book. | L13 |

---

## 三、词汇表（精选核心词汇）

### Lesson 1-5

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 |
|------|------|------|------|
| puma | ['pju:mə] | n. | 美洲狮 |
| spot | [spɒt] | v. | 看出，发现 |
| accumulate | [ə'kju:mjəleɪt] | v. | 积累，积聚 |
| oblige | [ə'blaɪdʒ] | v. | 迫使，责成 |
| convince | [kən'vɪns] | v. | 使信服 |
| evidence | ['evɪdəns] | n. | 证据 |
| vicar | ['vɪkə] | n. | 牧师 |
| goddess | ['gɒdes] | n. | 女神 |
| prosperous | ['prɒspərəs] | a. | 繁荣的 |
| sacred | ['seɪkrɪd] | a. | 神圣的 |
| manual | ['mænjuəl] | a. | 体力的 |
| sacrifice | ['sækrɪfaɪs] | v. | 牺牲 |
| privilege | ['prɪvəlɪdʒ] | n. | 特权 |
| editor | ['edɪtə] | n. | 编辑 |
| statistics | [stə'tɪstɪks] | n. | 统计数字 |

### Lesson 6-10

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 |
|------|------|------|------|
| smash | [smæʃ] | v. | 粉碎 |
| jewellery | ['dʒu:əlri] | n. | 珠宝 |
| scramble | ['skræmbl] | v. | 争抢 |
| mutilate | ['mju:tɪleɪt] | v. | 使残缺不全 |
| identify | [aɪ'dentɪfaɪ] | v. | 鉴定，识别 |
| monastery | ['mɒnəstri] | n. | 修道院 |
| fascinate | ['fæsɪneɪt] | v. | 使着迷 |
| affectionate | [ə'fekʃənət] | a. | 深情的 |
| colossal | [kə'lɒsl] | a. | 庞大的 |
| watertight | ['wɔ:tətaɪt] | a. | 不漏水的 |

### Lesson 11-15

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 |
|------|------|------|------|
| guilty | ['gɪlti] | a. | 有罪的 |
| declare | [dɪ'kleə] | v. | 申报 |
| smuggler | ['smʌglə] | n. | 走私者 |
| sarcastically | [sɑ:'kæstɪkli] | ad. | 讽刺地 |
| unrealistic | [ˌʌnrɪə'lɪstɪk] | a. | 不切实际的 |
| paradise | ['pærədaɪs] | n. | 天堂 |
| costume | ['kɒstju:m] | n. | 服装 |
| gangster | ['gæŋstə] | n. | 歹徒 |
| remarkable | [rɪ'mɑ:kəbl] | a. | 非凡的 |
| dedicate | ['dedɪkeɪt] | v. | 奉献 |

### Lesson 16-20

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 |
|------|------|------|------|
| accuse | [ə'kju:z] | v. | 指控 |
| deny | [dɪ'naɪ] | v. | 否认 |
| apologize | [ə'pɒlədʒaɪz] | v. | 道歉 |
| suspension | [sə'spenʃn] | n. | 悬挂 |
| immortal | [ɪ'mɔ:tl] | a. | 不朽的 |
| elegant | ['elɪgənt] | a. | 优雅的 |
| sculpture | ['skʌlptʃə] | n. | 雕塑 |
| magnetize | ['mægnɪtaɪz] | v. | 使磁化 |
| kidnapper | ['kɪdnæpə] | n. | 绑架者 |
| ransom | ['rænsəm] | n. | 赎金 |

### Lesson 21-25

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 |
|------|------|------|------|
| bare | [beə] | a. | 赤裸的 |
| crude | [kru:d] | a. | 粗野的 |
| eminent | ['emɪnənt] | a. | 著名的 |
| extravagant | [ɪk'strævəgənt] | a. | 奢侈的 |
| falter | ['fɔ:ltə] | v. | 支吾，结巴 |
| aristocrat | ['ærɪstəkræt] | n. | 贵族 |
| repulsive | [rɪ'pʌlsɪv] | a. | 令人反感的 |
| delicacy | ['delɪkəsi] | n. | 美味 |
| skeleton | ['skelɪtn] | n. | 骷髅 |
| respectable | [rɪ'spektəbl] | a. | 体面的 |

### Lesson 26-30

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 |
|------|------|------|------|
| exert | [ɪg'zɜ:t] | v. | 施加 |
| subtle | ['sʌtl] | a. | 微妙的 |
| philosopher | [fɪ'lɒsəfə] | n. | 哲学家 |
| dignity | ['dɪgnəti] | n. | 尊严 |
| wares | [weəz] | n. | 货物 |
| bargain | ['bɑ:gɪn] | n. | 便宜货 |
| comic | ['kɒmɪk] | a. | 喜剧的 |
| console | [kən'səʊl] | v. | 安慰 |
| conscientious | [ˌkɒnʃɪ'enʃəs] | a. | 认真的 |
| recluse | [rɪ'klu:s] | n. | 隐士 |

### Lesson 31-35

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 |
|------|------|------|------|
| eccentric | [ɪk'sentrɪk] | n./a. | 怪人/古怪的 |
| disregard | [ˌdɪsrɪ'gɑ:d] | v. | 无视 |
| shrewd | [ʃru:d] | a. | 精明的 |
| salvage | ['sælvɪdʒ] | v. | 打捞 |
| bullion | ['bʊliən] | n. | 金条 |
| catastrophe | [kə'tæstrəfi] | n. | 灾祸 |
| prelude | ['prelju:d] | n. | 前奏 |
| antique | [æn'ti:k] | n. | 古董 |
| labyrinth | ['læbərɪnθ] | n. | 迷宫 |
| justice | ['dʒʌstɪs] | n. | 正义 |

### Lesson 36-40

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 |
|------|------|------|------|
| credulous | ['kredjələs] | a. | 轻信的 |
| conspire | [kən'spaɪə] | v. | 密谋 |
| resemblance | [rɪ'zembləns] | n. | 相似 |
| unshakable | [ʌn'ʃeɪkəbl] | a. | 不可动摇的 |
| bewilder | [bɪ'wɪldə] | v. | 使迷惑 |
| deduce | [dɪ'dju:s] | v. | 推断 |
| perturb | [pə'tɜ:b] | v. | 使不安 |
| hoax | [həʊks] | n. | 骗局 |
| indulge | [ɪn'dʌldʒ] | v. | 沉溺 |
| remonstrate | ['remənstreɪt] | v. | 抗议 |

### Lesson 41-45

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 |
|------|------|------|------|
| illusion | [ɪ'lu:ʒn] | n. | 幻想 |
| pastoral | ['pɑ:stərəl] | a. | 田园的 |
| extol | [ɪk'stəʊl] | v. | 赞美 |
| idyllic | [aɪ'dɪlɪk] | a. | 田园诗般的 |
| solitude | ['sɒlɪtju:d] | n. | 孤独 |
| insistent | [ɪn'sɪstənt] | a. | 坚持的 |
| admittedly | [əd'mɪtɪdli] | ad. | 公认地 |
| capsize | [kæp'saɪz] | v. | 翻船 |
| monotonous | [mə'nɒtənəs] | a. | 枯燥的 |
| democratic | [ˌdemə'krætɪk] | a. | 民主的 |

### Lesson 46-50

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 |
|------|------|------|------|
| novice | ['nɒvɪs] | n. | 新手 |
| resourceful | [rɪ'sɔ:sfl] | a. | 足智多谋的 |
| insurmountable | [ˌɪnsə'maʊntəbl] | a. | 不可逾越的 |
| insidious | [ɪn'sɪdiəs] | a. | 隐伏的 |
| inaccessible | [ˌɪnək'sesəbl] | a. | 难接近的 |
| dilapidated | [dɪ'læpɪdeɪtɪd] | a. | 破旧的 |
| immaculate | [ɪ'mækjələt] | a. | 整洁的 |
| disillusion | [ˌdɪsɪ'lu:ʒn] | v. | 使幻想破灭 |
| formidable | ['fɔ:mɪdəbl] | a. | 令人畏惧的 |
| inveterate | [ɪn'vetərət] | a. | 根深蒂固的 |

### Lesson 51-55

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 |
|------|------|------|------|
| notoriously | [nəʊ'tɔ:riəsli] | ad. | 众所周知地 |
| dispel | [dɪ'spel] | v. | 驱散 |
| outlandish | [aʊt'lændɪʃ] | a. | 稀奇古怪的 |
| safeguard | ['seɪfgɑ:d] | n. | 保护措施 |
| grievance | ['gri:vəns] | n. | 不满 |
| contaminate | [kən'tæmɪneɪt] | v. | 污染 |
| revulsion | [rɪ'vʌlʃn] | n. | 厌恶 |
| uncanny | [ʌn'kæni] | a. | 神秘的 |
| infinitely | ['ɪnfɪnətli] | ad. | 无限地 |
| orbit | ['ɔ:bɪt] | n. | 轨道 |

### Lesson 56-60

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 |
|------|------|------|------|
| backwater | ['bækwɔ:tə] | n. | 回水区 |
| submerge | [səb'mɜ:dʒ] | v. | 淹没 |
| mortally | ['mɔ:təli] | ad. | 致命地 |
| comprehensive | [ˌkɒmprɪ'hensɪv] | a. | 全面的 |
| negligence | ['neglɪdʒəns] | n. | 疏忽 |
| inconceivable | [ˌɪnkən'si:vəbl] | a. | 不可思议的 |
| indiscriminate | [ˌɪndɪ'skrɪmɪnət] | a. | 不加选择的 |
| requisite | ['rekwɪzɪt] | a. | 必要的 |
| punctuality | [ˌpʌŋktʃu'æləti] | n. | 准时 |
| reproach | [rɪ'prəʊtʃ] | v. | 责备 |

---

## 四、核心短语

| 短语 | 释义 | 课次 |
|------|------|------|
| at large | 逍遥自在地，在逃 | L1 |
| take sb. seriously | 认真对待某人 | L1 |
| feel obliged to | 感到不得不 | L1 |
| cling to | 粘着，坚持 | L1 |
| used to do | 过去常常 | L2 |
| in vain | 徒劳 | L2 |
| lie in | 在于 | L3 |
| be proud of | 为...骄傲 | L4 |
| so...that | 如此...以至于 | L5 |
| such...that | 如此...以至于 | L5 |
| smash-and-grab | 砸橱窗抢劫 | L6 |
| be safe from | 免受...伤害 | L8 |
| be fascinated by | 被...迷住 | L9 |
| no matter how | 无论怎样 | L9 |
| at first | 起初 | L10 |
| regard as | 把...看作 | L11 |
| would rather | 宁愿 | L14 |
| be accused of | 被指控 | L16 |
| deny doing | 否认做某事 | L16 |
| apart from | 除...之外 | L17 |
| much as | 尽管（倒装） | L21 |
| by heart | 凭记忆 | L22 |
| turn against | 反感，反对 | L23 |
| be associated with | 与...联系在一起 | L23 |
| to varying degrees | 在不同程度上 | L24 |
| give sb. the impression of | 给某人...的印象 | L26 |
| in terms of | 在...方面 | L27 |
| be entitled to | 有权... | L27 |
| take advantage of | 利用 | L28 |
| conspire to | 密谋做某事 | L36 |
| shed light on | 阐明，揭示 | L38 |
| take...for granted | 认为...理所当然 | L41 |
| in the vicinity of | 在...附近 | L48 |
| in the public interest | 为了公众利益 | L53 |
| arm in arm | 臂挽臂 | L60 |

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## 五、学习建议

1. **以句法为核心**：第三册重点是长难句分析，每课先抓主句结构，再分析从句和修饰成分
2. **语法专题突破**：虚拟语气、倒装句、独立主格是三大难点，建议集中攻克后再回课文巩固
3. **仿写训练**：第三册课文语言优雅、句式工整，每课选1-2个经典句式进行仿写
4. **词汇深度学习**：全书约1050词，不追求量，注重熟词僻义和搭配（如spot=发现，oblige=迫使）
5. **精读+泛读结合**：精读课文培养分析力，辅以同等难度的外刊文章提升阅读速度
6. **翻译对照**：先独立翻译课文，再对照参考译文，找出理解和表达上的差距

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*本笔记整理自《新概念英语第三册》官方教材及配套资料*
*总计：60课语法知识点 + 1000+词汇精选 + 核心短语*