# Lesson 79 By air 乘飞机

## 一、课文原文

I used to travel by air a great deal when I was a boy. My parents used to live in South America and I used to fly there from Europe in the holidays. A flight attendant would take charge of me and I never had an unpleasant experience. I am used to travelling by air and only on one occasion have I ever felt frightened. After taking off, we were flying low over the city and slowly gaining height, when the plane suddenly turned round and flew back to the airport. While we were waiting to land, a flight attendant told us to keep calm and to get off the plane quietly as soon as it had touched down. Everybody on board was worried and we were curious to find out what had happened. Later we learnt that there was a very important person on board. The police had been told that a bomb had been planted on the plane. After we had landed, the plane was searched thoroughly. Fortunately, nothing was found and five hours later we were able to take off again.

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## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| **flight** | /flaɪt/ | n. | 航班，飞行 | flight attendant 空乘人员 |
| **frighten** | /ˈfraɪtn/ | v. | 使惊吓 | frightened adj. 害怕的；frightening adj. 令人害怕的 |
| **curious** | /ˈkjʊəriəs/ | adj. | 好奇的 | be curious about 对…好奇；curiosity n. 好奇心 |
| **bomb** | /bɒm/ | n. | 炸弹 | plant a bomb 安放炸弹 |
| **plant** | /plɑːnt/ | v. | 安放，种植 | 此处为"安放"而非"种植" |
| **thoroughly** | /ˈθʌrəli/ | adv. | 彻底地 | thorough adj. 彻底的 |
| **touch down** | /tʌtʃ daʊn/ | v. | 着陆 | 飞机着陆的专业用语 |
| **search** | /sɜːtʃ/ | v. | 搜查 | search for 寻找；search sb. 搜某人的身 |
| **occasion** | /əˈkeɪʒn/ | n. | 场合，时机 | on one occasion 有一次；on occasion 偶尔 |
| **gain** | /ɡeɪn/ | v. | 获得，增加 | gain height 增加高度；gain weight 增加体重 |

### 词汇拓展

**1. used to 与 be used to 的核心区别**

| 结构 | 含义 | 用法 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|------|
| used to do | 过去常常做 | 后接不定式，表过去习惯 | I used to fly there. |
| be used to doing | 习惯于做 | 后接动名词，表现在习惯 | I am used to travelling by air. |
| be used to do | 被用来做 | 被动语态 | Wood is used to make paper. |

**2. take charge of 的搭配**
- take charge of 负责，照管
- in charge of 负责…
- in the charge of 由…负责

**3. touch down 与 land**
- touch down：更正式的航空术语
- land：更常用的"着陆"

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## 三、语法知识点

### 1. used to 与 be used to

> I **used to travel** by air a great deal.（过去常常）
> I **am used to travelling** by air.（现在习惯于）

**详细对比**：

| | used to do | be used to doing |
|---|-----------|-----------------|
| 时间 | 过去 | 现在 |
| 含义 | 过去常做（暗示现在不做了） | 习惯于做 |
| 后接 | 不定式 | 动名词 |
| 否定 | used not to / didn't use to | am not used to |

### 2. 倒装句

> ...only on one occasion **have I ever felt** frightened.

**结构**：only + 状语置于句首 → 部分倒装（助动词提前）

**倒装规则**：

| 前置词 | 例句 | 倒装方式 |
|--------|------|----------|
| Only + 副词 | Only then did I understand. | did + 主语 + 动词 |
| Only + 介词短语 | Only in this way can we succeed. | can + 主语 + 动词 |
| Only + 从句 | Only when he came did I leave. | did + 主语 + 动词 |

**不倒装的情况**：only + 主语
- Only he knows the answer.（不倒装）

### 3. would 表示过去习惯

> A flight attendant **would take charge of** me...

**用法**：would + 动词原形，表示过去经常性的动作

**would vs used to**：

| | would | used to |
|---|-------|---------|
| 表过去习惯 | ✓ | ✓ |
| 表过去状态 | ✗ | ✓ |
| 搭配时间状语 | 需要明确的过去时间语境 | 不需要 |

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## 四、重点句型分析

### 1. as soon as

> ...as soon as it had touched down.

**含义**：一…就…

同义表达：the moment, the minute, immediately

### 2. take charge of

> A flight attendant would **take charge of** me.

**含义**：负责照管，接管

### 3. on board

> Everybody **on board** was worried.

**含义**：在（飞机/船/车）上

- on board the plane 在飞机上
- All on board! 各位请上车/登机！

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## 五、课文翻译

我在幼年的时候，曾多次乘飞机旅行。我的父母曾经住在南美洲，所以假期里我常从欧洲乘飞机到他们那里。我总是由一位空中乘务员照管，从未遇到过不愉快的经历。我习惯了乘飞机旅行，只是有一次把我吓坏了。起飞之后，我们在城市上空低低地飞行，然后慢慢爬高。这时飞机突然调转头来，飞回了机场。在我们等待降落时，一位空中乘务员告诉我们要保持镇静，待飞机一着陆，就马上不声不响地离开飞机。飞机上的人都很着急，大家都急于想知道究竟出了什么事。后来我们才得知，飞机上坐了一位非常重要的人物。有人报告警察，说飞机上安放了一枚炸弹。我们降落之后，飞机被彻底搜查了一遍。幸运的是，什么也没有找到。5个小时后，我们又起飞了。

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## 六、语言点精讲

### 1. bomb scare 的社会背景

本课反映的"炸弹恐吓"事件在西方社会时有发生，尤其是针对重要人物（VIP）的航班。这种事件通常会造成航班延误和旅客恐慌，但绝大多数是虚惊一场。

### 2. 课文叙事的悬念感

课文先描述异常情况（飞机突然返航），再揭示原因（炸弹恐吓），最后给出结果（虚惊一场），这种叙事结构制造了悬念。

### 3. flight attendant 替代 stewardess

现代英语中，flight attendant 是性别中性的用语，替代了原有的 stewardess（女乘务员）和 steward（男乘务员）。

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## 七、课后练习要点

### 1. 语法练习
- used to do / be used to doing / be used to do 的区别
- only 置于句首的倒装句改写

### 2. 词汇运用
- 用 take charge of, on board, touch down 造句
- would 与 used to 的用法区别

### 3. 写作练习
- 描述一次旅行中的意外经历（使用倒装句和used to结构）

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## 八、本课小结

| 项目 | 内容 |
|------|------|
| **核心语法** | used to/be used to/would表过去习惯、only前置倒装句 |
| **重点词汇** | 10个（flight, frighten, curious, bomb, plant, thoroughly, touch down, search, occasion, gain） |
| **重点短语** | take charge of, on board, as soon as, gain height, on one occasion |
| **学习难点** | used to 与 be used to 的区别、only前置倒装句的结构 |

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*本课以航班惊险事件复习used to/be used to，重点掌握倒装句结构。*