# Lesson 70 Red for danger 危险的红色

## 一、课文原文

During a bullfight, a drunk suddenly wandered into the middle of the ring. The crowd began to shout, but the drunk was unaware of the danger. The bull was busy with the matador at the time, but it suddenly caught sight of the drunk who was shouting rude remarks and waving a red cap. Apparently sensitive to criticism, the bull forgot all about the matador and charged at the drunk. The crowd suddenly grew quiet. The drunk, however, seemed quite sure of himself. When the bull got close to him, he clumsily stepped aside to let it pass. The crowd broke into cheers and the drunk bowed. By this time, however, three men had come into the ring and they quickly dragged the drunk to safety. Even the bull seemed to feel sorry for him, for it looked on sympathetically until the drunk was out of the way before once more turning its attention to the matador.

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## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| **bullfight** | /ˈbʊlfaɪt/ | n. | 斗牛 | bull + fight |
| **drunk** | /drʌŋk/ | n. | 醉汉 | 注意：此处为名词 |
| **wander** | /ˈwɒndə/ | v. | 溜达，乱走 | wander into 溜达到 |
| **ring** | /rɪŋ/ | n. | 圆形竞技场 | 斗牛场 |
| **unaware** | /ˌʌnəˈweə/ | adj. | 不知道的 | be unaware of 未觉察到 |
| **bull** | /bʊl/ | n. | 公牛 | bullfight 斗牛 |
| **matador** | /ˈmætədɔː/ | n. | 斗牛士 | 西班牙语来源 |
| **remark** | /rɪˈmɑːk/ | n. | 评论，言语 | rude remarks 粗鲁的话 |
| **apparently** | /əˈpærəntli/ | adv. | 明显地 | apparent(adj.) + ly |
| **sensitive** | /ˈsensɪtɪv/ | adj. | 敏感的 | sensitive to 对……敏感 |
| **criticism** | /ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəm/ | n. | 批评 | critic(n.) → criticize(v.) → criticism(n.) |
| **charge** | /tʃɑːdʒ/ | v. | 冲上去 | charge at 冲向 |
| **clumsily** | /ˈklʌmzɪli/ | adv. | 笨拙地 | clumsy(adj.) + ly |
| **bow** | /baʊ/ | v. | 鞠躬 | 注意读音 /baʊ/ 非动词"弯" |
| **safety** | /ˈseɪfti/ | n. | 安全地带 | safe(adj.) → safety(n.) |
| **sympathetically** | /ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪkli/ | adv. | 同情地 | sympathetic(adj.) + ly |

### 词汇拓展

**1. 形容词 + 介词的搭配**

| 形容词 | 介词 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| sensitive | to | 对……敏感 | sensitive to criticism |
| unaware | of | 未觉察到 | unaware of the danger |
| sure | of | 对……有把握 | sure of himself |
| busy | with | 忙于 | busy with the matador |

**2. charge 的多义**
- v. 冲向：charge at the drunk
- v. 充电：charge the battery
- v. 收费：charge $10 for the book
- n. 负责：in charge of

**3. break into 的搭配**
- break into cheers 欢呼起来
- break into tears 突然哭起来
- break into laughter 突然大笑
- break into a house 破门而入

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## 三、语法知识点

### 1. 形容词 + 介词

课文出现了多个形容词+介词的固定搭配：

| 搭配 | 含义 | 课文例句 |
|---|---|---|
| **unaware of** | 未觉察到 | the drunk was unaware of the danger |
| **busy with** | 忙于 | The bull was busy with the matador |
| **sensitive to** | 对……敏感 | Apparently sensitive to criticism |
| **sure of** | 对……有把握 | seemed quite sure of himself |
| **sorry for** | 为……感到同情 | seemed to feel sorry for him |

### 2. 省略 being 的现在分词短语

> **Apparently sensitive to criticism**, the bull forgot all about the matador.

- 完整形式：Apparently being sensitive to criticism
- 省略 being 后变成形容词短语
- 作原因状语

### 3. 过去完成时

> Three men **had come** into the ring.

- 表示在"观众欢呼"之前已经发生的动作
- "过去的过去"

### 4. before + doing

> ...before **once more turning** its attention to the matador.

- before 后接动名词
- 表示"在……之前"
- once more = 再一次

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## 四、重点句型分析

### 1. 固定搭配

| 短语 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| **catch sight of** | 突然看到 | caught sight of the drunk |
| **charge at** | 冲向 | charged at the drunk |
| **grow quiet** | 变安静 | The crowd suddenly grew quiet. |
| **step aside** | 让开，站到一旁 | he clumsily stepped aside |
| **break into cheers** | 欢呼起来 | The crowd broke into cheers |
| **look on** | 旁观 | it looked on sympathetically |
| **out of the way** | 不挡路 | until the drunk was out of the way |
| **turn one's attention to** | 将注意力转向 | turning its attention to the matador |

### 2. seem to do / seem + adj.

> The drunk **seemed quite sure of** himself.
> Even the bull **seemed to feel sorry** for him.

- seem + 形容词：似乎……
- seem to do：似乎做……
- seem like：似乎像……

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## 五、课文翻译

在一次斗牛比赛中，一个醉汉突然溜达到了场地中央。观众开始叫喊起来，但醉汉没有意识到危险。当时公牛正忙于对付斗牛士，但它突然看到了那个正在大声嚷嚷并挥舞着红色帽子的醉汉。显然对"批评"很敏感，公牛完全忘记了斗牛士，直奔醉汉而来。观众突然安静下来。然而，那醉汉似乎很有把握。当公牛逼近他时，他笨拙地往旁边一闪，让公牛冲了过去。观众欢呼起来，醉汉鞠了一躬。然而这时，三个人已经进入场地，迅速把醉汉拖到了安全地带。就连公牛似乎也同情他，因为它同情地在一旁看着，直到醉汉不再挡路，才重新把注意力转向了斗牛士。

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## 六、语言点精讲

### 1. "Red for danger" 的含义
- 红色在斗牛中代表危险
- 醉汉挥舞红色帽子激怒了公牛
- 红色→危险→公牛冲向醉汉

### 2. 公牛的拟人化
- "Apparently sensitive to criticism"——对批评敏感
- "seemed to feel sorry for him"——似乎同情醉汉
- "looked on sympathetically"——同情地旁观
- 将公牛人格化，产生幽默效果

### 3. 醉汉的"英勇"
- 醉汉并非真正勇敢，而是醉了不知道危险
- 但他"笨拙地往旁边一闪"却意外地躲过了公牛
- 然后还"鞠了一躬"——仿佛是故意的

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## 七、课后练习要点

### 1. 语法练习
- 形容词+介词的搭配
- 省略 being 的形容词短语作状语

### 2. 词汇运用
- catch sight of / break into / look on 的用法
- charge 的多义

### 3. 写作练习
- 写一个关于意外"英勇"的幽默故事

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## 八、本课小结

| 项目 | 内容 |
|------|------|
| **核心语法** | 形容词+介词搭配、省略being的形容词短语作状语、过去完成时、before+doing |
| **重点词汇** | 16个（bullfight, drunk, wander, ring, unaware, bull, matador, remark, apparently, sensitive, criticism, charge, clumsily, bow, safety, sympathetically） |
| **重点短语** | catch sight of, charge at, step aside, break into cheers, look on, out of the way, turn one's attention to |
| **学习难点** | 形容词+介词的固定搭配、省略being的结构理解 |

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*本课核心是形容词+介词的搭配，需重点掌握unaware of, sensitive to, sure of等固定搭配。*