# Lesson 58 A blessing in disguise? 是因祸得福吗？

## 一、课文原文

The tiny village of Frinley is said to possess a 'cursed tree'. Because the tree was mentioned in a newspaper, the number of visitors to Frinley has now increased. The tree was planted near the church fifty years ago, but it is only in recent years that it has gained an evil reputation. It is said that if anyone touches the tree, he will have bad luck; if he picks a leaf, he will die. Many villagers believe that the tree has already claimed a number of victims. The vicar has been asked to have the tree cut down, but so far he has refused. He has pointed out that the tree is a useful source of income, as tourists have been coming from all parts of the country to see it. In spite of all that has been said, the tourists have been picking leaves and cutting their names on the tree-trunk. So far, not one of them has been struck down by sudden death!

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## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| **blessing** | /ˈblesɪŋ/ | n. | 福分，福气 | bless(v.) → blessing |
| **disguise** | /dɪsˈɡaɪz/ | n. | 伪装 | in disguise 伪装中的 |
| **tiny** | /ˈtaɪni/ | adj. | 极小的 | 同义词：very small |
| **possess** | /pəˈzes/ | v. | 拥有 | 同义词：own, have |
| **cursed** | /kɜːsd/ | adj. | 可恨的 | curse(v.诅咒) + ed |
| **increase** | /ɪnˈkriːs/ | v. | 增加 | 名词读音 /ˈɪŋkriːs/ |
| **plant** | /plɑːnt/ | v. | 种植 | 另义"工厂" |
| **church** | /tʃɜːtʃ/ | n. | 教堂 | go to church 去教堂 |
| **evil** | /ˈiːvl/ | adj. | 坏的 | evil reputation 坏名声 |
| **reputation** | /ˌrepjuˈteɪʃn/ | n. | 名声 | good/bad reputation |
| **claim** | /kleɪm/ | v. | 以……为其后果 | claim victims 夺去生命 |
| **victim** | /ˈvɪktɪm/ | n. | 受害者 | victims of the tree |
| **vicar** | /ˈvɪkə/ | n. | 教区牧师 | parish vicar |
| **source** | /sɔːs/ | n. | 来源 | source of income 收入来源 |
| **income** | /ˈɪŋkʌm/ | n. | 收入 | income tax 所得税 |
| **trunk** | /trʌŋk/ | n. | 树干 | tree trunk 树干 |

### 词汇拓展

**1. a blessing in disguise**
- 固定习语：因祸得福，坏事变好事
- 字面意思：伪装中的福气
- 标题加问号，暗示"被诅咒的树"反而带来收入，是否属于因祸得福

**2. possess vs. own vs. have**

| 词 | 含义 | 用法 |
|---|---|---|
| possess | 拥有（正式） | possess property |
| own | 拥有（日常） | own a car |
| have | 有（最常用） | have a book |

**3. claim 的多义**
- v. 声称：He claimed that he was innocent.
- v. 索取：claim the prize
- v. 夺去（生命）：The accident claimed three lives.

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## 三、语法知识点

### 1. 被动语态复习

课文大量使用被动语态：

| 时态 | 被动结构 | 课文例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 一般现在时 | is done | The village is said to possess a cursed tree. |
| 一般过去时 | was done | The tree was planted near the church. |
| 现在完成时 | has been done | The vicar has been asked to have the tree cut down. |
| 现在完成进行时 | has been doing | Tourists have been picking leaves. |

### 2. 强调句型

> **It is only in recent years that** it has gained an evil reputation.

- 结构：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 从句
- 此句强调时间状语 only in recent years
- 原句：The tree has gained an evil reputation only in recent years.

| 强调部分 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| 强调时间 | It was in 1990 that he was born. |
| 强调地点 | It was in London that they met. |
| 强调人 | It was Tom who broke the window. |

### 3. have + 宾语 + 过去分词

> The vicar has been asked to **have the tree cut down**.

- 结构：have + 宾语 + 过去分词
- 表示"让/叫别人做某事"
- 牧师不是自己砍树，而是让别人砍

| 结构 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| have sth. done | 让别人做某事 | I had my hair cut. |
| have sb. do | 让某人做某事 | I had him repair the car. |

### 4. It is said that... 据说

> **It is said that** if anyone touches the tree, he will have bad luck.

- it 是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语
- 类似结构：It is reported that 据报道, It is believed that 人们认为

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## 四、重点句型分析

### 1. 固定搭配

| 短语 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| **a blessing in disguise** | 因祸得福 | Is it a blessing in disguise? |
| **gain a reputation** | 获得名声 | It has gained an evil reputation. |
| **point out** | 指出 | He has pointed out that... |
| **source of income** | 收入来源 | The tree is a useful source of income. |
| **in spite of** | 尽管 | In spite of all that has been said |
| **so far** | 到目前为止 | So far, not one of them has been struck down. |
| **cut down** | 砍倒 | have the tree cut down |
| **strike down** | 击倒，使死亡 | struck down by sudden death |

### 2. the village of Frinley

> The tiny village **of** Frinley

- 介词 of 表示同位关系
- Frinley 就是这个 tiny village
- 类似：the city of London, the month of May

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## 五、课文翻译

据说弗林利这个小村庄里有一棵"被诅咒的树"。因为这棵树在一家报纸上被提到过，所以来弗林利参观的人数现在已经增加了。这棵树是50年前栽在教堂附近的，但只是近年来它才得到了一个坏名声。据说，如果谁碰了这棵树，他就会倒霉；如果他摘了一片树叶，他就会死。许多村民相信这棵树已经害死了不少人。有人要求牧师把这棵树砍掉，但到目前为止他拒绝了。他指出这棵树是一个有用的收入来源，因为全国各地的游客纷纷前来参观。尽管说了这么多关于这棵树的种种说法，游客们仍然在摘树叶，在树干上刻名字。到目前为止，他们中还没有一个人暴毙！

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## 六、语言点精讲

### 1. "因祸得福"的体现
- "被诅咒的树"本应是坏事
- 但它吸引了大量游客，成为村庄的收入来源
- 坏名声反而带来了经济效益——因祸得福

### 2. 幽默点：游客的行为
- 尽管传说碰了树会倒霉，摘了叶子会死
- 游客们照样摘叶子、刻名字
- 而且没有一个人暴毙——说明传说是假的

### 3. "claimed a number of victims" 的模糊性
- 并没有具体说明受害者是谁、怎么受害
- 可能只是村民的迷信传说

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## 七、课后练习要点

### 1. 被动语态练习
- 各时态的被动语态构成
- 主动语态与被动语态的转换

### 2. 语法练习
- 强调句型的构成与还原
- have sth. done 的用法

### 3. 写作练习
- 写一个关于"因祸得福"的故事

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## 八、本课小结

| 项目 | 内容 |
|------|------|
| **核心语法** | 被动语态复习（多时态）、强调句型、have sth. done、It is said that |
| **重点词汇** | 16个（blessing, disguise, tiny, possess, cursed, increase, plant, church, evil, reputation, claim, victim, vicar, source, income, trunk） |
| **重点短语** | a blessing in disguise, gain a reputation, point out, source of income, in spite of, so far, cut down, strike down |
| **学习难点** | 强调句型、have sth. done 与 have sb. do 的区别 |

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*本课核心是被动语态的复习，需重点掌握各时态的被动语态形式和强调句型。*