# Lesson 49 The end of a dream 美梦告终

## 一、课文原文

Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed. For the first time in his life, he became the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress. Because the weather was very hot, he carried the bed on to the roof of his house. He slept very well for the first two nights, but on the third night, a storm blew up. A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof and sent it crashing into the courtyard below. The young man did not wake up until the bed had struck the ground. Although the bed was smashed to pieces, the man was miraculously unhurt. When he woke up, he was still on the mattress. Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his house. After he had put it on the floor, he promptly went to sleep again.

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## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| **tired** | /ˈtaɪəd/ | adj. | 厌烦的 | be tired of 对……感到厌倦 |
| **real** | /rɪəl/ | adj. | 真正的 | a real bed 真正的床（非地板） |
| **owner** | /ˈəʊnə/ | n. | 主人 | the proud owner of… ……的骄傲的主人 |
| **spring** | /sprɪŋ/ | n. | 弹簧 | 复数 springs；另义"春天""泉水" |
| **mattress** | /ˈmætrɪs/ | n. | 床垫 | on the mattress 在床垫上 |
| **gust** | /ɡʌst/ | n. | 一阵风 | a gust of wind 一阵风 |
| **sweep** | /swiːp/ | v. | 扫，刮 | 过去式 swept；sweep off 刮走 |
| **courtyard** | /ˈkɔːtjɑːd/ | n. | 院子 | 复合词：court + yard |
| **smash** | /smæʃ/ | v. | 碰碎，摔碎 | smash to pieces 摔成碎片 |
| **miraculously** | /mɪˈrækjʊləsli/ | adv. | 奇迹般地 | 形容词 miraculous + ly |
| **unhurt** | /ʌnˈhɜːt/ | adj. | 没有受伤的 | un-前缀表否定 + hurt |
| **glance** | /ɡlɑːns/ | v. | 扫视 | glance at 扫视，看一眼 |
| **promptly** | /ˈprɒmptli/ | adv. | 迅速地 | 形容词 prompt + ly |

### 词汇拓展

**1. tired 的搭配**
- be tired of 对……感到厌倦：I'm tired of doing the same thing.
- be tired with 因……而疲劳：He was tired with hard work.

**2. sweep 的多义**
- v. 扫，刮：The wind swept the leaves away.
- v. 席卷：The news swept the country.

**3. smash vs. break**
- smash：猛力摔碎（强调猛烈程度）
- break：一般的打破

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## 三、语法知识点

### 1. 过去分词短语作状语

> **Tired of sleeping on the floor**, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed.

- tired of... 是过去分词短语，作**原因状语**
- 相当于：*Because he was tired of sleeping on the floor*
- 逻辑主语必须与主句主语一致

| 分词作状语类型 | 结构 | 课文中例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 过去分词作原因状语 | Tired of..., he saved up | Tired of sleeping on the floor |
| 现在分词作伴随状语 | Glancing at..., he picked up | Glancing at the bits of wood and metal |

### 2. not...until... 句型

> The young man **did not wake up until** the bed had struck the ground.

- 意为"直到……才……"
- 主句用否定形式，until引导时间状语从句

| 句型 | 例句 | 含义 |
|---|---|---|
| not...until | I didn't leave until he came. | 直到他来我才离开 |
| 肯定句+until | I waited until he came. | 我一直等到他来 |

### 3. 让步状语从句

> **Although** the bed was smashed to pieces, the man was miraculously unhurt.

- although 引导让步状语从句，表示"尽管/虽然"
- **注意**：although 和 but 不能同时使用

### 4. 过去完成时

> ...until the bed **had struck** the ground.
> After he **had put** it on the floor...

- 表示在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作
- 结构：had + 过去分词

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## 四、重点句型分析

### 1. 固定搭配

| 短语 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| **save up** | 攒钱 | He saved up for years. |
| **for the first time** | 第一次 | For the first time in his life |
| **blow up** | （风暴）刮起 | A storm blew up. |
| **a gust of wind** | 一阵风 | A gust of wind swept the bed off. |
| **sweep off** | 刮走 | The wind swept the bed off the roof. |
| **smash to pieces** | 摔成碎片 | The bed was smashed to pieces. |
| **glance at** | 扫视 | Glancing at the bits of wood |

### 2. 现在分词短语作伴随状语

> **Glancing at the bits of wood and metal** that lay around him, the man sadly picked up the mattress...

- glancing at... 是现在分词短语，作伴随状语
- 表示与主句动作同时发生
- 相当于：When he glanced at the bits of wood and metal...

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## 五、课文翻译

德黑兰的一个年轻人厌倦了睡地板，于是攒了多年的钱买了一张真正的床。他有生以来第一次成为一张有弹簧和床垫的床的骄傲的主人。因为天气很热，他把床搬到了他家的屋顶上。头两个晚上他睡得很好，但第三个晚上起了一场风暴。一阵风把床从屋顶刮了下来，把它摔到了下面的院子里。那年轻人直到床撞到地上才醒了过来。尽管床摔碎了，但那人却奇迹般地没有受伤。当他醒来时，他仍然躺在床垫上。那人扫了一眼周围的碎木块和金属件，伤心地拿起床垫，把它搬进屋里。把床垫放在地板上之后，他又迅速地睡着了。

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## 六、语言点精讲

### 1. "The end of a dream" 标题双关
- 表面：美梦的终结——舒适的床上生活被风暴终结
- 深层：年轻人"做了个美梦"——终于有了真正的床，但美梦很快结束

### 2. sent it crashing into the courtyard
- crashing 是现在分词，作宾语补足语
- send + 宾语 + doing 表示"使……处于某种状态"

### 3. carried the bed on to the roof
- on to = onto，表示"到……上面"
- 强调从低处到高处的移动

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## 七、课后练习要点

### 1. 句型转换
- 将状语从句改写为分词短语
- not...until 句型的肯定/否定转换

### 2. 词汇运用
- 用 tired of, save up, smash to pieces 造句
- 过去分词和现在分词作状语的区别

### 3. 写作练习
- 模仿课文，用分词短语作状语写一篇短文

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## 八、本课小结

| 项目 | 内容 |
|------|------|
| **核心语法** | 复合句语序、过去分词/现在分词作状语、not...until、过去完成时 |
| **重点词汇** | 13个（tired, real, owner, spring, mattress, gust, sweep, courtyard, smash, miraculously, unhurt, glance, promptly） |
| **重点短语** | save up, for the first time, blow up, a gust of wind, sweep off, smash to pieces, glance at |
| **学习难点** | 分词短语作状语的逻辑主语一致性、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 |

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*本课核心是复合句的语序和分词短语作状语的用法，需重点掌握分词短语的逻辑主语必须与主句主语一致。*