# Lesson 38 Everything except the weather 唯独没有考虑到天气

## 一、课文原文

My old friend, Harrison, had lived in the Mediterranean for many years before he returned to England. He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country. He had no sooner returned than he bought a fine house and went to live there. Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold. After so many years of sunshine, Harrison got a shock. He acted as if he had never lived in England before. In the end, it was more than he could bear. He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country. The dream he had had for so many years ended there. Harrison had thought of everything except the weather.

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## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| **except** | /ɪkˈsept/ | prep. | 除了 | except = but = apart from |
| **Mediterranean** | /ˌmedɪtəˈreɪniən/ | n. | 地中海 | the Mediterranean 地中海地区 |
| **continually** | /kənˈtɪnjuəli/ | adv. | 不断地 | continual adj. 不断的 |
| **bitterly** | /ˈbɪtəli/ | adv. | 刺骨地 | bitter adj. 苦的；bitterly cold 刺骨地冷 |
| **complain** | /kəmˈpleɪn/ | v. | 抱怨 | complain about 抱怨…… |
| **sunshine** | /ˈsʌnʃaɪn/ | n. | 阳光 | sun + shine |
| **shock** | /ʃɒk/ | n. | 震惊 | get a shock 感到震惊 |
| **settle** | /ˈsetəl/ | v. | 安顿 | settle down 安顿下来 |

### 词汇拓展

**1. no sooner...than... 与 hardly...when...**

| 句式 | 含义 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| no sooner...than... | 一……就…… | He had no sooner returned than he bought a house. |
| hardly...when... | 刚……就…… | He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold it. |

**注意**：no sooner / hardly 位于句首时，主句需倒装：
- No sooner had he returned than he bought a house.
- Hardly had he arrived when it began to rain.

**2. continually 与 continuously**

| 词 | 含义 | 区别 |
|----|------|------|
| continually | 不断地（可间断） | 强调频繁发生 |
| continuously | 连续不断地（不间断） | 强调一直不停 |

> It rained continually.（断断续续地下）
> It rained continuously for 3 days.（连续下了3天）

**3. complain 的搭配**

| 搭配 | 含义 |
|------|------|
| complain about sth. | 抱怨某事 |
| complain to sb. | 向某人抱怨 |
| complaint n. | 投诉，抱怨 |

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## 三、语法知识点

### 1. 过去完成时

本课核心语法：**过去完成时（had + 过去分词）**

> Harrison **had lived** in the Mediterranean for many years before he returned.
> He **had often dreamed** of retiring in England.
> He **had** no sooner **returned** than he bought a house.

**结构**：had + 过去分词

**用法**：表示过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作，即"过去的过去"。

| 时间关系 | 例句 |
|----------|------|
| 先发生（过去完成时） | He had lived in the Mediterranean for many years. |
| 后发生（一般过去时） | He returned to England. |

**过去完成时的标志词**：
- before + 过去时间
- by the time + 过去时间
- after + 过去动作

### 2. no sooner...than... 一……就……

> He **had no sooner returned than** he bought a fine house.

**结构**：had no sooner + 过去分词 + than + 一般过去时

**倒装形式**：No sooner had he returned than he bought a house.

### 3. hardly...when... 刚……就……

> He **had hardly had time to settle down when** he sold the house.

**结构**：had hardly + 过去分词 + when + 一般过去时

**倒装形式**：Hardly had he had time to settle down when he sold the house.

### 4. as if 好像

> He acted **as if he had never lived** in England before.

as if 引导方式状语从句，从句用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的假设。

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## 四、重点句型分析

### 1. dream of 梦想

> He **had often dreamed of** retiring in England.

dream of + 动名词 = 梦想做某事

### 2. settle down 安顿下来

> He **had planned to settle down** in the country.

### 3. more than one could bear 超出了某人能忍受的限度

> It was **more than he could bear**.

= It was unbearable.

### 4. except 除了

> Harrison had thought of everything **except** the weather.

except = but = apart from 除了……之外（不包括）

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## 五、课文翻译

我的老朋友哈里森在回到英国以前曾多年居住在地中海地区。过去他常幻想退休后到英国，并计划在乡间安顿下来。他刚一回到英国便买下了一幢房子住了进去。但紧接着他就开始抱怨那里的天气了。因为即使那时仍为夏季，但雨总是下个不停，而且常常冷得厉害。在阳光下生活了那么多年的哈里森对此感到惊奇。他的举动就好像他从未在英国生活过一样。最后，他再也忍受不住，还没等安顿下来就卖掉了房子，离开了这个国家。他多年来的幻想从此破灭。哈里森把每件事情都考虑到了，唯独没想到天气。

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## 六、语言点精讲

### 1. 课文标题的讽刺

"Everything except the weather"（唯独没有考虑到天气）——Harrison 考虑了退休后的一切（房子、地点、生活方式），却忘了英国最著名的特点：糟糕的天气。这是典型的英式自嘲。

### 2. 地中海 vs 英国的天气

地中海地区阳光充足、气候温暖，而英国以多雨、阴冷闻名。Harrison 在地中海住了多年后已不适应英国天气，最终不得不放弃多年的梦想回国。

### 3. no sooner...than... 的修辞效果

"刚回来就买房"和"刚安顿就卖房"形成鲜明对比，两个 no sooner/hardly 句型强化了命运的戏剧性转折。

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## 七、课后练习要点

### 1. 语法练习
- 过去完成时与一般过去时的区别
- no sooner...than... / hardly...when... 的句型转换（含倒装）

### 2. 词汇练习
- continually / continuously 的辨析
- complain about 的用法

### 3. 写作练习
- 用过去完成时叙述一个经历（80词左右）

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## 八、本课小结

| 项目 | 内容 |
|------|------|
| **核心语法** | 过去完成时、no sooner...than...、hardly...when...、as if |
| **重点词汇** | 8个（except, Mediterranean, continually, bitterly, complain, sunshine, shock, settle） |
| **重点短语** | no sooner...than..., hardly...when..., settle down, dream of, more than one could bear |
| **学习难点** | 过去完成时的"过去的过去"概念、no sooner 倒装句、continually/continuously 区别 |

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*本课通过 Harrison 的故事学习过去完成时和 no sooner...than... 结构。课文以天气为线索，讽刺地展现了理想与现实的差距，是英式幽默的典型范例。*