# Lesson 37 The Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会

## 一、课文原文

The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years' time. As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool. They will also be building new roads and a special railway line. The Games will be held just outside the capital and the whole area will be called 'Olympic City'. Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year. By the end of next year, they will have finished work on the new stadium. The fantastic modern buildings have been designed by Kurt Gunter. Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up. We are all very excited and are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country.

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## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| **Olympic** | /əˈlɪmpɪk/ | adj. | 奥林匹克的 | the Olympic Games 奥运会 |
| **hold** | /həʊld/ | v. | 举办 | held/held；hold a meeting 举行会议 |
| **government** | /ˈɡʌvənənt/ | n. | 政府 | govern v. 统治 |
| **immense** | /ɪˈmens/ | adj. | 巨大的 | 同义词 huge, enormous |
| **stadium** | /ˈsteɪdiəm/ | n. | 露天体育场 | 复数 stadiums 或 stadia |
| **standard** | /ˈstændəd/ | n. | 标准 | Olympic-standard 奥运标准 |
| **capital** | /ˈkæpɪtəl/ | n. | 首都 | 也可表示"资本" |
| **fantastic** | /fænˈtæstɪk/ | adj. | 巨大的，极好的 | 同义词 wonderful, marvelous |
| **design** | /dɪˈzaɪn/ | v. | 设计 | designer n. 设计师 |

### 词汇拓展

**1. hold 的多义**

| 含义 | 例句 |
|------|------|
| 举办 | The Games will be held in our country. |
| 拿住 | Hold the line, please. |
| 容纳 | The stadium holds 50,000 people. |
| 举行 | hold a meeting / hold a party |

**2. immense / huge / enormous / vast**

| 词 | 侧重 |
|----|------|
| immense | 超出一般尺度 |
| huge | 体积大 |
| enormous | 数量或体积极大 |
| vast | 范围广阔 |

**3. by 的用法**

| 用法 | 含义 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| by + 时间 | 到……为止 | by the end of this year |
| by + 交通方式 | 乘…… | by train |
| by + 执行者 | 被…… | designed by Kurt Gunter |

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## 三、语法知识点

### 1. 将来完成时

本课核心语法：**将来完成时（will have + 过去分词）**

> Workers **will have completed** the new roads by the end of this year.
> They **will have finished** work on the new stadium by the end of next year.

**结构**：will have + 过去分词

**用法**：表示在将来某一时间点之前已经完成的动作。

**标志词**：by + 将来时间（by the end of this year, by next month）

| 时间线 | 例句 |
|--------|------|
| 现在 | Workers are building roads. |
| 将来某时 | By the end of this year, they will have completed the roads. |

**将来完成时 vs 一般将来时**：

| 时态 | 例句 | 侧重点 |
|------|------|--------|
| 一般将来时 | They will finish the work. | 将来完成某事 |
| 将来完成时 | They will have finished the work by next year. | 在某时之前已完成的动作 |

### 2. 将来进行时复习

> The government **will be building** new hotels.
> They **will also be building** new roads.
> Everybody **will be watching** anxiously.

将来进行时表示将来某段时间内正在进行的动作。

### 3. 被动语态的将来时

> The Olympic Games **will be held** in our country.
> The whole area **will be called** 'Olympic City'.
> The buildings **have been designed** by Kurt Gunter.

| 时态 | 被动形式 | 例句 |
|------|----------|------|
| 一般将来时被动 | will be + done | will be held |
| 现在完成时被动 | have been + done | have been designed |

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## 四、重点句型分析

### 1. in four years' time 四年后

> The Olympic Games will be held in our country **in four years' time**.

in + 一段时间 + 's + time = ……时间之后

### 2. As + 从句 由于……

> **As** a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels.

As = Because / Since 由于，引导原因状语从句。

### 3. look forward to 期待

> We are all very excited and are **looking forward to** the Olympic Games.

look forward to + 名词/动名词，to 是介词。

### 4. go up 建起来

> as the new buildings **go up**

go up = be built（建筑物）建起来

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## 五、课文翻译

4年以后，奥林匹克运动会将在我们国家举行。由于将有大批的人到我们国家来，所以政府准备建造一些新的饭店、一个大型体育场和一个新的奥运会标准游泳池。他们还将修筑一些新的道路和一条铁路专线。奥运会就在首都市郊举办，整个地区将被称作"奥林匹克城"。工人们将在今年年底前把新路铺好；到明年年底，他们将把新体育场建成。这些巨大的现代化建筑是由库尔特·冈特设计的。大家都将急切地注视着新建筑的建成。我们都非常激动，盼望着奥运会的到来，因为在这个国家里还从未举办过奥运会。

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## 六、语言点精讲

### 1. 奥运会与城市建设

举办奥运会通常会带动大规模的城市建设，包括新建体育场馆、酒店、交通设施等。课文真实地反映了这一现象。

### 2. 将来完成时的实际意义

"今年年底前新路铺好""明年年底前体育场建成"——将来完成时在工程规划和进度管理中非常实用，强调截止时间前必须完成的任务。

### 3. because they have never been held before

最后一句话点明了全国激动的原因——从未举办过奥运会。这种"第一次"的喜悦，很多新兴举办国都有体会。

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## 七、课后练习要点

### 1. 语法练习
- 将来完成时的构成与用法
- by + 将来时间 与将来完成时的搭配

### 2. 词汇练习
- hold / held 的用法
- immense / huge / enormous 辨析

### 3. 写作练习
- 描述一个即将到来的重大事件（80词左右，使用将来完成时）

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## 八、本课小结

| 项目 | 内容 |
|------|------|
| **核心语法** | 将来完成时（will have + done）、将来进行时复习、被动语态的将来时 |
| **重点词汇** | 9个（Olympic, hold, government, immense, stadium, standard, capital, fantastic, design） |
| **重点短语** | in four years' time, by the end of, look forward to, go up, Olympic-standard |
| **学习难点** | 将来完成时的构成与含义、by + 时间点的搭配、将来时的多种形式 |

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*本课以奥运建设为场景学习将来完成时，同时复习了将来进行时和被动语态。课文内容贴近现实，将来完成时的使用非常自然。*