# Lesson 34 Quick work 破案"神速"

## 一、课文原文

Dan Robinson has been worried all week. Last Tuesday he received a letter from the local police. In the letter he was asked to call at the station. Dan wondered why he was wanted by the police, but he went to the station yesterday and now he is not worried anymore. At the station, he was told by a smiling policeman that his bicycle had been found. Five days ago, the policeman told him, the bicycle was picked up in a small village four hundred miles away. It is now being sent to his home by train. Dan was most surprised when he heard the news. He was amused too, because he never expected the bicycle to be found. It was stolen twenty years ago when Dan was a boy of fifteen!

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## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| **station** | /ˈsteɪʃn/ | n. | （警察）局 | police station 警察局；railway station 火车站 |
| **most** | /məʊst/ | adv. | 相当，非常 | most surprised 非常惊讶（非最高级） |
| **worried** | /ˈwʌrid/ | adj. | 担心的 | be worried about 为……担心 |
| **receive** | /rɪˈsiːv/ | v. | 收到 | receive a letter 收到信 |
| **call at** | /kɔːl æt/ | v. | 拜访（某地） | call at the station 到警察局去 |
| **pick up** | /pɪk ʌp/ | v. | 拾起，找到 | 被动：was picked up 被发现 |
| **amuse** | /əˈmjuːz/ | v. | 使发笑，使愉快 | amused adj. 觉得好笑的；amusing adj. 有趣的 |
| **expect** | /ɪkˈspekt/ | v. | 期待，预期 | expect to do 期待做某事 |

### 词汇拓展

**1. call at 与 call on**

| 短语 | 宾语 | 含义 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|------|
| call at | 地点 | 拜访某地 | call at the station |
| call on | 人 | 拜访某人 | call on a friend |

**2. most 的两种用法**

| 用法 | 含义 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| adv. + adj. | 非常，相当 | Dan was most surprised. |
| the most + adj. | 最…… | It is the most beautiful picture. |

**3. pick up 的多义**

| 含义 | 例句 |
|------|------|
| 拾起，捡起 | He picked up a coin. |
| 找到 | The bicycle was picked up. |
| 接人 | I'll pick you up at 5. |
| 学会 | She picked up French quickly. |

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## 三、语法知识点

### 1. 被动语态

本课核心语法：**被动语态（be + 过去分词）**

| 时态 | 被动语态 | 课文例句 |
|------|----------|----------|
| 一般过去时 | was/were + done | he **was asked** to call at the station |
| 一般过去时 | was/were + done | he **was told** by a smiling policeman |
| 一般过去时 | was/were + done | the bicycle **was picked up** |
| 现在进行时 | am/is/are + being + done | It **is now being sent** to his home |
| 过去完成时 | had been + done | his bicycle **had been found** |
| 一般过去时 | was/were + done | It **was stolen** twenty years ago |

**主动语态 → 被动语态的转换**：

| 主动 | 被动 |
|------|------|
| A smiling policeman told him... | He was told by a smiling policeman... |
| Someone stole the bicycle. | The bicycle was stolen. |
| They are sending it by train. | It is being sent by train. |

### 2. 被动语态的使用场景

| 场景 | 例句 |
|------|------|
| 不知道动作执行者 | The bicycle was stolen. |
| 强调动作承受者 | He was told the news. |
| 正式文体 | He was asked to call at the station. |

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## 四、重点句型分析

### 1. call at 拜访（某地）

> He **was asked to call at** the station.

### 2. be wanted by 被……通缉/找

> Dan wondered why he **was wanted by** the police.

be wanted 在此表示"被警方找"，不是"被需要"。

### 3. most surprised 非常惊讶

> Dan was **most surprised** when he heard the news.

most = very，不是最高级。

### 4. when Dan was a boy of fifteen 当丹15岁时

> It was stolen twenty years ago **when Dan was a boy of fifteen**!

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## 五、课文翻译

丹·鲁宾逊焦虑了整整一个星期。上星期二他收到当地警察局的一封信，要他到警察局去一趟。丹奇怪警察为什么找他，但昨天还是去了，结果他不再担心了。在警察局里，一位面带笑容的警察告诉他，他的自行车找到了。那位警察对他说，那辆自行车是5天前在400英里外的一个小村里发现的，现在正用火车给他运回家来。丹听到这个消息后，惊奇万分，但又感到非常好笑，因为他从未指望那辆自行车还能找到。这是20年前丹还是一个15岁的孩子时被人偷走的！

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## 六、语言点精讲

### 1. "Quick work" 的讽刺

标题 "Quick work"（破案神速）是反讽——自行车20年前被偷，现在才找到，哪里算"神速"？但警察局确实在5天内找到了自行车（从发现到通知），这5天算是"快"的。作者用这个标题制造幽默效果。

### 2. 20年后的物归原主

丹15岁时自行车被偷，现在应该是35岁。20年后自行车居然还能找到，而且是在400英里外的小村庄，这本身就令人惊讶。丹觉得好笑，因为他早就放弃了找回的希望。

### 3. 大量被动语态的修辞效果

课文大量使用被动语态（was asked, was told, was picked up, was stolen），因为重点在于"丹被告知了什么"而非"谁告诉了丹"，强调了丹的被动处境和意外发现。

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## 七、课后练习要点

### 1. 语法练习
- 主动语态与被动语态的转换
- 各种时态的被动语态构成

### 2. 词汇练习
- call at / call on 的选择
- most 的两种用法辨析
- pick up 的多义

### 3. 写作练习
- 用被动语态描述一个事件（80词左右）

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## 八、本课小结

| 项目 | 内容 |
|------|------|
| **核心语法** | 被动语态（一般过去时、过去完成时、现在进行时的被动） |
| **重点词汇** | 8个（station, most, worried, receive, call at, pick up, amuse, expect） |
| **重点短语** | call at, be wanted by, pick up, most surprised |
| **学习难点** | 被动语态各时态的构成、most 作副词与最高级的区别 |

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*本课是被动语态的专题课，通过"20年后找回自行车"的有趣故事，系统学习了各种时态的被动语态。标题的讽刺意味增添了趣味性。*