# Lesson 21 Mad or not? 是不是疯了？

## 一、课文原文

Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad. I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day. The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could not be used then. Last year, however, it came into use. Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. I am one of the few people left. Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here. Everybody says I must be mad and they are probably right.

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## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| **mad** | /mæd/ | adj. | 发疯 | drive sb mad 逼疯某人；go mad 发疯 |
| **reason** | /ˈriːzn/ | n. | 原因 | for some reason 因为某种原因 |
| **sum** | /sʌm/ | n. | 量 | a large sum of money 一大笔钱 |
| **determined** | /dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/ | adj. | 坚定的，下决心的 | be determined to do 决心做某事 |
| **aeroplane** | /ˈeərəpleɪn/ | n. | 飞机 | 美式用 airplane |
| **knock down** | /nɒk daʊn/ | phr. | 撞倒，拆毁 | be knocked down 被撞倒 |

### 词汇拓展

**1. drive sb mad 逼疯某人**
- The noise is driving me mad. 这噪音快把我逼疯了。
- 类似搭配：drive sb crazy / drive sb nuts

**2. a sum of money 一笔钱**
- a large sum of money 一大笔钱
- a small sum of money 一小笔钱
- huge sums of money 巨额资金

**3. be determined to do 决心做**
- She is determined to succeed. 她决心要成功。
- determination n. 决心
- determine v. 决定

**4. come into use 启用**
- The airport came into use last year. 机场去年启用了。
- go out of use 废弃不用
- in use 在使用中

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## 三、语法知识点

### 1. 被动语态 + 情态动词

**结构**：情态动词 + be + 过去分词

| 结构 | 课文例句 | 含义 |
|------|----------|------|
| can be done | passing planes **can be heard** night and day | 能被听到 |
| could not be done | it **could not be used** then | 不能被使用 |
| must have been done | people **must have been driven away** | 一定被赶走了 |
| will be done | this house **will be knocked down** | 将被撞倒 |
| have been done | I **have been offered** a large sum of money | 被提供 |

### 2. must have been done 一定被……

> Over a hundred people **must have been driven away** from their homes.

must have been + 过去分词：对过去事情的肯定推测
- The letter must have been lost. 那封信一定丢了。
- The car must have been stolen. 那辆车一定被偷了。

### 3. 被动语态的各种时态总结

| 时态 | 结构 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| 一般现在时 | am/is/are done | It is called a clavichord. |
| 一般过去时 | was/were done | The airport was built. |
| 现在完成时 | have/has been done | I have been offered money. |
| 一般将来时 | will be done | The house will be knocked down. |
| 现在进行时 | am/is/are being done | It is being repaired. |
| 情态动词 | can/must be done | It can be heard. |

### 4. night and day 日日夜夜

> ...passing planes can be heard **night and day**.

= day and night，表示不间断
- He works night and day. 他日夜工作。

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## 四、重点句型分析

### 1. drive sb mad 逼疯某人

> Aeroplanes are slowly **driving me mad**.

drive + 宾语 + 形容词（宾补）：使某人变得……
- The noise drove him crazy.
- The cold drove them indoors.

### 2. one of the few 少数……之一

> I am **one of the few people left**.

- one of + the + 形容词最高级/少数 + 复数名词
- left 是过去分词作后置定语，修饰 people
- She is one of the best students. 她是最好的学生之一。

### 3. be offered 被提供

> I **have been offered** a large sum of money.

offer sb sth → sb be offered sth
- They offered me a job. → I was offered a job.

### 4. they are probably right 他们可能是对的

> Everybody says I must be mad and **they are probably right**.

probably 表示"大概、可能"，语气比 must 弱一些。

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## 五、课文翻译

飞机正在逐渐把我逼疯。我住在机场附近，飞过的飞机日夜都能听到。这个机场是好多年前建的，但由于某种原因当时未能启用。然而去年，机场投入使用了。超过100人一定被噪音逼得搬了家。我是留下来为数不多的人中的一个。有时我觉得这所房子会被飞过的飞机撞倒。有人出了一大笔钱让我搬走，但我决心留在这里。大家都说我一定是疯了，他们也许是对的。

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## 六、语言点精讲

### 1. 标题 "Mad or not?" 的含义

"是不是疯了？"——所有人认为作者疯了（住在机场附近不愿搬走），但作者坚持留下的原因可能不仅仅是"固执"，也许还有对家园的眷恋。这个标题引人思考。

### 2. 机场对居民的影响

在现代城市中，机场噪音是严重的环境问题。许多国家都有机场周边噪音控制法规，甚至会为受影响的居民提供补偿（如课文中"offered a large sum of money"）。

### 3. for some reason 因为某种原因

> ...but **for some reason** it could not be used then.

for some reason 暗示原因不明或不便说明：
- For some reason, he didn't come. 不知什么原因，他没来。

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## 七、课后练习要点

### 1. 被动语态练习
- 情态动词 + 被动语态填空
- must have been done 造句
- 各种时态被动语态转换

### 2. 词汇练习
- drive sb mad 造句
- a sum of money / determined 用法
- come into use 相关短语

### 3. 写作练习
- 描述一个噪音困扰的问题（使用被动语态和情态动词）

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## 八、本课小结

| 项目 | 内容 |
|------|------|
| **核心语法** | 被动语态 + 情态动词、must have been done（推测） |
| **重点词汇** | 6个（mad, reason, sum, determined, aeroplane, knock down） |
| **重点短语** | drive sb mad, come into use, a large sum of money, be determined to, night and day |
| **学习难点** | 情态动词与被动语态的结合、must have been done 的推测用法 |

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*本课核心是被动语态与情态动词的结合，需掌握 must have been done 表示对过去的肯定推测。*