# Lesson 18 He often does this! 他经常干这种事！

## 一、课文原文

After I had had lunch at a village pub, I looked for my bag. I had left it on a chair beside the door and now it wasn't there! As I was looking for it, the landlord came in.

'Did you have a good meal?' he asked.

'Yes, thank you,' I answered, 'but I can't pay the bill. I haven't got my bag.'

The landlord smiled and immediately went out. In a few minutes he returned with my bag and gave it back to me.

'I'm very sorry,' he said. 'My dog had taken it into the garden. He often does this!'

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## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| **pub** | /pʌb/ | n. | 小酒店 | public house 的缩写 |
| **bill** | /bɪl/ | n. | 账单 | pay the bill 付账 |
| **landlord** | /ˈlændlɔːd/ | n. | 店主 | landlady 女店主 |
| **beside** | /bɪˈsaɪd/ | n. | 在……旁边 | 区别：besides 此外 |

### 词汇拓展

**1. pub 文化**

Pub（public house 的缩写）是英国传统的酒吧，是英国人社交生活的重要场所。人们在此喝酒、吃饭、聊天。许多 pub 提供简单的餐食。

**2. bill / check / receipt**

| 词 | 含义 | 使用场景 |
|----|------|----------|
| bill | 账单 | 英式英语（餐厅） |
| check | 账单 | 美式英语（餐厅） |
| receipt | 收据 | 付款后的凭证 |

**3. beside vs. besides**

| 词 | 含义 | 例句 |
|----|------|------|
| beside | 在……旁边 | I sat beside him. |
| besides | 此外（还有） | Besides English, she speaks French. |

**4. look for / find**

| 词 | 含义 | 例句 |
|----|------|------|
| look for | 寻找（过程） | I was looking for my bag. |
| find | 找到（结果） | I found my bag in the garden. |

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## 三、语法知识点

### 1. have 的多种用法

本课核心语法是 have 作为完全动词（实义动词）的用法。

| 用法 | 结构 | 课文例句 |
|------|------|----------|
| 吃（饭） | have + 食物 | **have** lunch 吃午饭 |
| 吃（饭） | have + 食物 | **have** a good meal 吃了一顿好饭 |
| 有 | have got | I **haven't got** my bag. |
| 经历 | have + 名词 | **have** a good time 玩得开心 |

### 2. have 的常见搭配

| 搭配 | 含义 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| have breakfast/lunch/dinner | 吃早/午/晚饭 | I had lunch at a pub. |
| have a meal | 吃饭 | Did you have a good meal? |
| have a drink | 喝一杯 | Let's have a drink. |
| have a rest | 休息 | I need to have a rest. |
| have a good time | 玩得开心 | We had a good time. |
| have a look | 看一看 | Let me have a look. |
| have a bath | 洗澡 | I'll have a bath. |

### 3. have got = have

> I **haven't got** my bag. = I **don't have** my bag.

have got 是英式英语中表示"有"的常用形式，多用于口语：
- I've got a car. = I have a car.
- Have you got a pen? = Do you have a pen?

### 4. 过去完成时的复习

> I **had left** it on a chair...
> My dog **had taken** it into the garden.

过去完成时表示"过去的过去"——在发现包不见了之前，已经把包留在了椅子上；在店主找回包之前，狗已经把包叼走了。

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## 四、重点句型分析

### 1. look for 寻找

> I **looked for** my bag.
> As I **was looking for** it...

look for 强调寻找的过程（不一定找到）

### 2. give back 归还

> He **gave it back to** me.

give sth back to sb = return sth to sb

### 3. He often does this!

> **He often does this!**

- He 指的是店主的狗
- 英语中，宠物常用 he/she 而非 it 来称呼，表示亲切
- does this 指狗叼走客人的东西这种"习惯"

### 4. pay the bill 付账

> I can't **pay the bill**.

pay the bill = settle the bill 付账

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## 五、课文翻译

我在一家乡村小酒店里吃过午饭后，就寻找我的手提包。我刚才把它放在门边的椅子上，现在却不翼而飞了！正当我寻找时，酒店老板走了进来。

"您吃得好吗？"他问。

"很好，谢谢，"我回答，"但我付不了账了，我的手提包没有了。"

老板笑了笑，马上走了出去。一会儿工夫他拿着我的提包回来了，把它还给了我。

"非常抱歉，"他说，"我的狗把它弄到花园里去了，他常干这种事！"

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## 六、语言点精讲

### 1. 文章的幽默

作者丢了包，以为被偷了，紧张得说"付不了账"。结果包被店主的狗叼到了花园里，而且"他常干这种事"——说明这只狗有"前科"。这种轻松的解决方式与作者最初的紧张形成反差，制造了幽默效果。

### 2. He 指代狗

> **He** often does this!

英语中，当人们提及自己的宠物时，常用 he/she 而非 it，以表达亲切和爱意。这说明店主把狗当作家庭成员看待。

### 3. 英国乡村 pub

英国的乡村 pub 常常是当地社区的社交中心，店主和客人之间互相认识，氛围轻松友好。狗在 pub 里也很常见。

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## 七、课后练习要点

### 1. 语法练习
- have 的各种搭配造句
- have got vs. have 转换
- 过去完成时练习

### 2. 词汇练习
- look for / find 选择
- beside / besides 区别
- bill / check / receipt 辨析

### 3. 写作练习
- 写一次丢东西又找回来的经历（使用过去完成时）

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## 八、本课小结

| 项目 | 内容 |
|------|------|
| **核心语法** | have 的用法（完全动词）、have got = have |
| **重点词汇** | 4个（pub, bill, landlord, beside） |
| **重点短语** | have lunch, have a good meal, pay the bill, look for, give back |
| **学习难点** | have 作为实义动词的多种搭配、have got 的用法 |

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*本课核心是 have 作为实义动词的用法，需掌握其各种搭配和 have got 的口语用法。*