# 第一册 Lesson 144 He hasn't been served yet. He will be served soon. 他还没有被接待。他很快就会被接待。

## 一、课文原文

本课为语法练习课，配合Lesson 143的被动语态复习内容进行句型操练。

**句型练习：**

1. Has anyone ever served you? → **Have you been served** yet?
   — No, I **haven't been served** yet. / I **will be served** soon.

2. Has anyone ever repaired this car? → **Has this car been repaired** yet?
   — No, it **hasn't been repaired** yet. / It **will be repaired** soon.

3. Has anyone ever corrected these exercise books? → **Have these exercise books been corrected** yet?
   — No, they **haven't been corrected** yet. / They **will be corrected** soon.

4. Has anyone ever painted this door? → **Has this door been painted** yet?
   — No, it **hasn't been painted** yet. / It **will be painted** soon.

5. Has anyone ever met him? → **Has he been met** yet?
   — No, he **hasn't been met** yet. / He **will be met** soon.

6. Has anyone ever arrested the thief? → **Has the thief been arrested** yet?
   — No, he **hasn't been arrested** yet. / He **will be arrested** soon.

## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| yet | /jet/ | adv. | 还（未），已经 | 用于否定句和疑问句；not...yet 还没有 |
| soon | /suːn/ | adv. | 很快，不久 | = before long；as soon as 一……就…… |
| correct | /kəˈrekt/ | v. | 纠正，批改 | correct mistakes 纠正错误；correct exercise books 批改练习本 |
| arrest | /əˈrest/ | v. | 逮捕 | arrest the thief 逮捕小偷；be arrested 被逮捕 |
| exercise book | /ˈeksəsaɪz bʊk/ | n. | 练习本 | do exercises 做练习 |

## 三、语法知识点

### 被动语态综合复习

#### 各种时态的被动语态总结

| 时态 | 结构 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| 一般现在时 | am/is/are + p.p. | The door **is painted**. |
| 一般过去时 | was/were + p.p. | The door **was painted**. |
| 一般将来时 | will be + p.p. | The door **will be painted**. |
| 现在完成时 | have/has been + p.p. | The door **has been painted**. |
| 现在进行时 | am/is/are being + p.p. | The door **is being painted**. |
| 过去完成时 | had been + p.p. | The door **had been painted**. |

#### 现在完成时的被动语态

| 句型 | 结构 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| 肯定句 | have/has been + p.p. | The car has been repaired. |
| 否定句 | haven't/hasn't been + p.p. | The car hasn't been repaired yet. |
| 疑问句 | Have/Has + 主语 + been + p.p.? | Has the car been repaired yet? |

#### 一般将来时的被动语态

| 句型 | 结构 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| 肯定句 | will be + p.p. | The car will be repaired soon. |
| 否定句 | won't be + p.p. | The car won't be repaired today. |
| 疑问句 | Will + 主语 + be + p.p.? | Will the car be repaired tomorrow? |

### yet 和 already 在被动语态中的使用

| 副词 | 用法 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| yet | 用于否定句和疑问句末尾 | Has it been done yet? / It hasn't been done yet. |
| already | 用于肯定句中 | It has already been done. |
| soon | 用于将来时 | It will be done soon. |

## 四、重点句型分析

1. **Have you been served yet?**
   - 现在完成时的被动语态疑问句
   - yet放在句末，用于疑问句

2. **No, I haven't been served yet.**
   - 现在完成时的被动语态否定句
   - haven't been + served（过去分词）

3. **I will be served soon.**
   - 一般将来时的被动语态
   - will be + served

4. **Has this car been repaired yet?**
   - 现在完成时被动语态疑问句
   - Has + 主语 + been + p.p. + yet?

5. **Has the thief been arrested yet?**
   - 现在完成时被动语态疑问句
   - arrest → arrested（规则变化）

## 五、课文翻译

1. 有人接待过你吗？→ 你已经被接待了吗？
   — 没有，我还没有被接待。/ 我很快就会被接待。

2. 有人修过这辆车吗？→ 这辆车已经被修好了吗？
   — 没有，还没有修好。/ 很快就会修好的。

3. 有人批改过这些练习本吗？→ 这些练习本已经被批改了吗？
   — 没有，还没有批改。/ 很快就会批改的。

4. 有人给这扇门刷过漆吗？→ 这扇门已经被刷漆了吗？
   — 没有，还没有刷。/ 很快就会刷的。

5. 有人迎接过他吗？→ 他已经被迎接了吗？
   — 没有，还没有人迎接。/ 很快就会有人迎接的。

6. 有人逮捕了那个小偷吗？→ 那个小偷已经被逮捕了吗？
   — 没有，还没有。/ 很快就会被逮捕的。

## 六、语言点精讲

1. **现在完成时被动语态的疑问句**：结构为Have/Has + 主语 + been + 过去分词？如：Has the work been finished?（工作完成了吗？）

2. **yet的位置**：yet放在否定句和疑问句的末尾。如：I haven't been told yet.（还没有人告诉我。）Has he been told yet?（他被告知了吗？）

3. **already的位置**：already用于肯定句，放在have/has和been之间。如：The car has already been repaired.（车已经修好了。）

4. **soon与yet的搭配**：yet用于否定（还没），soon用于将来（很快）。如：It hasn't been done yet, but it will be done soon.（还没做，但很快就会做。）

5. **主动变被动的完整流程**：
   - 主动：Has anyone repaired this car? → 被动：Has this car been repaired?
   - 主动：Someone will repair this car. → 被动：This car will be repaired.

## 七、课后练习要点

1. 将现在完成时的主动疑问句变为被动疑问句
2. 用yet/since/already填空
3. 现在完成时被动语态的肯定/否定/疑问句转换
4. 一般将来时被动语态的用法
5. 综合练习：多种时态的被动语态

## 八、本课小结

- **核心语法**：被动语态综合复习——重点操练现在完成时和一般将来时的被动语态
- **关键结构**：have/has been + p.p.（现在完成时被动）；will be + p.p.（一般将来时被动）
- **重点区别**：yet（否定/疑问句末）vs. already（肯定句中）vs. soon（将来时）
- **本册语法总结**：被动语态是一册末尾的重要语法，覆盖了一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时和现在进行时五种时态