# 第一册 Lesson 133 Sensational news! 爆炸性新闻！

## 一、课文原文

Listen to the tape then answer this question. What reason did Karen Marsh give for wanting to retire?

**REPORTER:** Have you just made a new film, Miss Marsh?

**MISS MARSH:** Yes, I have.

**REPORTER:** Are you going to make another?

**MISS MARSH:** No, I'm not. I'm going to retire. I feel very tired. I don't want to make another film for a long time.

**KATE:** Let's buy a newspaper, Liz. Listen to this!
"Karen Marsh: Sensational News! By our reporter, Alan Jones. Karen Marsh arrived at London Airport today. She was wearing a blue dress and a mink coat. She told me she had just made a new film. She said she was not going to make another. She said she was going to retire. She told reporters she felt very tired and didn't want to make another film for a long time."

**LIZ:** I wonder why!

## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| reporter | /rɪˈpɔːtə/ | n. | 记者 | report v./n. 报道，报告；report + er = 记者 |
| sensational | /senˈseɪʃənəl/ | adj. | 爆炸性的，轰动的 | sensational news 轰动性新闻；sensation n. 轰动 |
| mink coat | /mɪŋk kəʊt/ | n. | 貂皮大衣 | mink 貂；coat 外套 |
| retire | /rɪˈtaɪə/ | v. | 退休，退出 | retire from 从……退休；retirement n. 退休 |
| film | /fɪlm/ | n. | 电影 | make a film 拍电影；see a film 看电影 |
| wonder | /ˈwʌndə/ | v. | 想知道，好奇 | I wonder why! 我想知道为什么！= I'm curious why. |

## 三、语法知识点

### 间接引语（Reported Speech）

当转述别人的话时，不使用引号，而是将直接引语变为间接引语。主要变化如下：

#### 1. 时态变化（主句为过去时）

| 直接引语 | 间接引语 | 例句 |
|----------|----------|------|
| 一般现在时 | 一般过去时 | "I feel tired." → She said she felt tired. |
| 现在进行时 | 过去进行时 | "I'm working." → She said she was working. |
| 现在完成时 | 过去完成时 | "I have just made a film." → She said she had just made a film. |
| 一般将来时 | 过去将来时 | "I'm going to retire." → She said she was going to retire. |
| 一般过去时 | 过去完成时 | "I saw him." → She said she had seen him. |

#### 2. 人称变化

| 直接引语 | 间接引语 | 说明 |
|----------|----------|------|
| I | she/he | 第一人称变为第三人称 |
| my | her/his | 物主代词相应变化 |
| this | that | 指示代词变化 |

#### 3. 课文中的直接引语→间接引语变化

| 直接引语 | 间接引语 | 变化 |
|----------|----------|------|
| "I have just made a new film." | She told me she had just made a new film. | 现在完成时→过去完成时；I→she |
| "I am not going to make another." | She said she was not going to make another. | 现在进行时→过去进行时；I→she |
| "I feel very tired." | She told reporters she felt very tired. | 一般现在时→一般过去时；I→she |

## 四、重点句型分析

1. **Have you just made a new film, Miss Marsh?**
   - 现在完成时疑问句
   - just放在助动词和实义动词之间

2. **She told me she had just made a new film.**
   - 间接引语：told me后接宾语从句
   - 时态后退：have made → had made（现在完成时→过去完成时）

3. **She said she was not going to make another.**
   - 间接引语：said后接宾语从句
   - 时态后退：am not going to → was not going to

4. **She told reporters she felt very tired.**
   - 间接引语：told reporters后接宾语从句
   - 时态后退：feel → felt（一般现在时→一般过去时）

5. **I wonder why!**
   - wonder = want to know 想知道
   - why后省略了she wants to retire

## 五、课文翻译

**记者：** 您刚拍完一部新电影吗，马什小姐？

**马什小姐：** 是的，刚拍完。

**记者：** 您打算再拍一部吗？

**马什小姐：** 不打算了。我准备退休了。我觉得很累。我很长一段时间不想再拍电影了。

**凯特：** 我们买份报纸吧，莉兹。听这个！
"卡伦·马什：轰动新闻！本报记者艾伦·琼斯报道。卡伦·马什今天抵达伦敦机场。她穿着蓝色的连衣裙和貂皮大衣。她告诉我她刚拍完一部新电影。她说她不打算再拍电影了。她说她打算退休。她告诉记者们她觉得很累，很长时间内不想再拍电影了。"

**莉兹：** 我想知道为什么！

## 六、语言点精讲

1. **间接引语的时态后退原则**：当主句谓语是过去时（said, told），从句谓语要向后退一个时态。这就是"时态一致性"原则。一般现在时→一般过去时，现在完成时→过去完成时等。

2. **tell和say的区别**：
   - tell + sb + (that)从句：She told me she was tired.（tell后必须接说话对象）
   - say + (that)从句：She said she was tired.（say后不接说话对象，或用say to sb）

3. **make a film**：拍电影。make在此表示"制作"。类似搭配：make a cake 做蛋糕，make a plan 制定计划。

4. **by our reporter**：by表示"由……所写/所作"。用于新闻报道中表示作者。如：a novel by Hemingway（海明威写的小说）。

5. **I wonder why!**：wonder表示"想知道"，带有好奇的语气。why后省略了从句。完整为I wonder why she wants to retire.

## 七、课后练习要点

1. 将直接引语改为间接引语，注意时态变化
2. 将间接引语改回直接引语
3. tell和say的用法区分
4. 人称代词在间接引语中的变化练习

## 八、本课小结

- **核心语法**：间接引语——直接引语变间接引语的时态后退原则
- **关键规则**：主句过去时→从句时态后退一步；人称做相应变化（I→she/he等）
- **重点词汇**：reporter, sensational, retire, mink coat, wonder
- **重要区别**：tell sb + 从句 vs. say + 从句
- **交际功能**：新闻报道中直接引语与间接引语的转换