# 第一册 Lesson 129 Seventy miles an hour 时速70英里

## 一、课文原文

Listen to the tape then answer this question. What does Ann advise her husband to do next time?

**ANN:** Look, Harry! That policeman's waving to you. He wants you to stop.

**POLICEMAN:** Where do you think you are? On a race track? You must have been driving at seventy miles an hour.

**HARRY:** I can't have been.

**POLICEMAN:** I was doing eighty when I overtook you.

**POLICEMAN:** Didn't you see the speed limit?

**HARRY:** I'm afraid I didn't, officer. I must have been dreaming.

**ANN:** He wasn't dreaming, officer. I was telling him to drive slowly.

**HARRY:** That's why I didn't see the sign.

**POLICEMAN:** Let me see your driving-licence and your insurance certificate.

**POLICEMAN:** I won't charge you this time. But you'd better not do it again!

**HARRY:** Thank you. I'll certainly be more careful.

**ANN:** I told you to drive slowly, Harry.

**HARRY:** You always tell me to drive slowly, darling.

**ANN:** Well, next time you'd better take my advice!

## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| wave | /weɪv/ | v. | 招手，挥手 | wave to sb 向某人招手；wave one's hand 挥手 |
| track | /træk/ | n. | 跑道，轨道 | a race track 赛车跑道；track and field 田径 |
| mile | /maɪl/ | n. | 英里 | 1 mile ≈ 1.6 km；miles per hour = mph |
| overtake | /ˌəʊvəˈteɪk/ | v. | 超过，追上 | overtook/overtaken；overtake a car 超车 |
| speed limit | /spiːd ˈlɪmɪt/ | n. | 限速 | the speed limit 限速；break the speed limit 超速 |
| dream | /driːm/ | v./n. | 做梦，梦 | dream of/about 梦见；dream a dream 做了一个梦 |
| charge | /tʃɑːdʒ/ | v. | 指控，收费 | charge sb with sth 指控某人某事；free of charge 免费 |
| darling | /ˈdɑːlɪŋ/ | n. | 亲爱的 | 亲昵称呼，多用于夫妻或恋人之间 |
| driving-licence | /ˈdraɪvɪŋ ˈlaɪsəns/ | n. | 驾驶执照 | = driver's license（美式） |
| insurance | /ɪnˈʃʊərəns/ | n. | 保险 | insurance certificate 保险证明；life insurance 人寿保险 |

## 三、语法知识点

### must have been 和 can't have been（对过去的推测）

| 结构 | 含义 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| must have done | 过去一定做了某事 | You must have been driving at 70 mph. |
| can't have done | 过去不可能做了某事 | I can't have been. |

**与L127/128的对比：**

| 推测时间 | 肯定推测 | 否定推测 |
|----------|----------|----------|
| 现在的情况 | must be | can't be |
| 过去的情况 | must have done | can't have done |
| 正在进行的事 | must be doing | can't be doing |

### had better 的用法

| 结构 | 含义 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| had better do sth | 最好做某事 | You'd better take my advice. |
| had better not do sth | 最好不做某事 | You'd better not do it again. |

**注意**：had better语气较强，带有警告意味，常用于上级对下级或长辈对晚辈。

## 四、重点句型分析

1. **You must have been driving at seventy miles an hour.**
   - must have been doing 对过去正在进行的动作的推测
   - at seventy miles an hour 以每小时70英里的速度

2. **I can't have been.**
   - can't have been 对过去情况的否定推测
   - 省略了driving at seventy miles an hour

3. **I was doing eighty when I overtook you.**
   - 过去进行时 + when 从句
   - overtake 超车

4. **I must have been dreaming.**
   - must have been doing 对过去持续状态的推测
   - 字面意思"我一定在做梦"，比喻"我一定走神了"

5. **You'd better not do it again!**
   - had better not 最好不要
   - 语气较强硬，带警告意味

6. **Next time you'd better take my advice!**
   - take sb's advice 听从某人的劝告
   - = follow sb's advice

## 五、课文翻译

**安：** 看，哈里！那个警察在向你招手。他要你停车。

**警察：** 你以为你在哪儿？在赛车跑道上吗？你刚才一定是以每小时70英里的速度在开车。

**哈里：** 我不可能开那么快。

**警察：** 我赶上你的时候是每小时80英里。

**警察：** 你没看到限速牌吗？

**哈里：** 恐怕我没有看到，警官。我一定是走神了。

**安：** 他没有走神，警官。我刚才一直在告诉他开慢点。

**哈里：** 所以我才没看到那个牌子。

**警察：** 让我看看你的驾驶执照和保险证明。

**警察：** 这次我就不罚你了。但你最好别再这样了！

**哈里：** 谢谢。我一定会更加小心的。

**安：** 我告诉过你开慢点，哈里。

**哈里：** 你总是告诉我开慢点，亲爱的。

**安：** 好吧，下次你最好听我的劝告！

## 六、语言点精讲

1. **Where do you think you are?**：反问句，表示责备。含义是"你根本不应该开这么快"。

2. **must have been doing**：对过去正在进行的动作做出肯定推测。结构：must + have + been + doing。如：He must have been sleeping when I called.（我打电话时他一定在睡觉。）

3. **can't have done/been**：对过去情况的否定推测。如：She can't have finished the work so quickly.（她不可能这么快就完成了工作。）

4. **had better**：缩写形式'd better，意思是"最好"，暗示如果不这样做会有不好的后果。注意had better后接动词原形。

5. **take my advice**：听从劝告。give advice 给劝告；take/follow advice 听从劝告；a piece of advice 一条劝告。

6. **charge**：多义词——本课表示"指控/罚款"。另外还有"收费"（The hotel charges $100 a night.）和"充电"（charge a battery）等含义。

## 七、课后练习要点

1. 用must have done和can't have done练习对过去的推测
2. had better / had better not的用法练习
3. must be（现在推测）与must have done（过去推测）的区分
4. 翻译含推测语气的句子

## 八、本课小结

- **核心语法**：must have done/been（过去一定）和can't have done/been（过去不可能）表推测
- **关键规则**：对现在的推测用must/can't + be，对过去的推测用must/can't + have done
- **重点词汇**：wave, overtake, speed limit, charge, driving-licence
- **重要句型**：had better (not) do sth 最好（不）做某事
- **交际功能**：交通场景中的推测与劝告