# 第一册 Lesson 112 How do they compare? 比较一下

## 一、课文原文

Look at number 1.
Is the red apple sweeter than the green one?
No, it isn't. The red apple is as sweet as the green one.

Look at number 2.
Is the man shorter than the woman?
No, he isn't. The man is as short as the woman.

Look at number 3.
Is the red pencil blunter than the green one?
No, it isn't. The red pencil is as blunt as the green one.

Look at number 4.
Is the white handbag newer than the black one?
No, it isn't. The white handbag is as new as the black one.

Look at number 5.
Is the woman taller than the man?
No, she isn't. The woman is not as tall as the man.

Look at number 6.
Is the red apple sweeter than the green one?
No, it isn't. The red apple is not as sweet as the green one.

Look at number 7.
Is the man younger than the woman?
No, he isn't. The man is not as young as the woman.

Look at number 8.
Is the blue car cleaner than the red car?
No, it isn't. The blue car is not as clean as the red car.

## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| sweet | /swiːt/ | adj. | 甜的 | sweeter, sweetest |
| blunt | /blʌnt/ | adj. | 钝的 | 反义词：sharp 锋利的 |
| new | /njuː/ | adj. | 新的 | newer, newest |
| young | /jʌŋ/ | adj. | 年轻的 | younger, youngest |
| clean | /kliːn/ | adj. | 干净的 | cleaner, cleanest |
| short | /ʃɔːt/ | adj. | 矮的；短的 | shorter, shortest |

## 三、语法知识点

### as...as 与 not as...as 的系统操练

**肯定同级比较：as + 原级 + as**

| 句型 | 含义 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| as + adj. + as | 和……一样 | The red apple is as sweet as the green one. |

**否定同级比较：not as/so + 原级 + as**

| 句型 | 含义 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| not as + adj. + as | 不如…… | The red apple is not as sweet as the green one. |

### as...as 与比较级的转换

| as...as 形式 | 比较级形式 | 含义 |
|-------------|-----------|------|
| A is not as tall as B. | B is taller than A. | B比A高 |
| A is not as sweet as B. | B is sweeter than A. | B比A甜 |
| A is not as young as B. | B is younger than A. | B比A年轻 |

**注意**：not as...as 可以转换为比较级，但意思要反过来。A不如B高 = B比A高。

## 四、重点句型分析

### 1. Is A + 比较级 + than B? A比B更……吗？

> Is the red apple sweeter than the green one?

- 比较级的一般疑问句
- 回答可以是肯定或否定

### 2. A is as + 原级 + as B. A和B一样……

> The red apple is as sweet as the green one.

- 同级比较的肯定形式
- 两个苹果一样甜

### 3. A is not as + 原级 + as B. A不如B……

> The woman is not as tall as the man.

- 同级比较的否定形式
- = The man is taller than the woman.

## 五、课文翻译

看第1个。红苹果比绿苹果甜吗？不，不是。红苹果和绿苹果一样甜。

看第2个。这个男人比那个女人矮吗？不，不是。这个男人和那个女人一样矮。

看第3个。红铅笔比绿铅笔钝吗？不，不是。红铅笔和绿铅笔一样钝。

看第4个。白色手提包比黑色手提包新吗？不，不是。白色手提包和黑色手提包一样新。

看第5个。这个女人比那个男人高吗？不，不是。这个女人不如那个男人高。

看第6个。红苹果比绿苹果甜吗？不，不是。红苹果不如绿苹果甜。

看第7个。这个男人比那个女人年轻吗？不，不是。这个男人不如那个女人年轻。

看第8个。蓝色汽车比红色汽车干净吗？不，不是。蓝色汽车不如红色汽车干净。

## 六、语言点精讲

1. **as...as 的中间只放原级**：as sweet as, as tall as, 不能说 as sweeter as（错误）。这是中国学生常犯的错误。

2. **not as...as 与比较级的等价转换**："The woman is not as tall as the man" = "The man is taller than the woman"。两种表达意思相同，只是角度不同。

3. **one 替代词**：the green one, the black one 中的 one 替代前面提到的名词，避免重复。one 只能替代可数名词单数。

4. **blunt 与 sharp**：blunt 钝的，sharp 锋利的，是一对反义词。铅笔钝了需要削（sharpen）。

## 七、课后练习要点

1. 熟练使用 as + 原级 + as 进行同级比较
2. 熟练使用 not as/so + 原级 + as 进行否定同级比较
3. 掌握 not as...as 与比较级的等价转换
4. 注意 as...as 中间只放原级，不能放比较级
5. 练习 one 作为替代词的用法

## 八、本课小结

本课是Lesson 111的配套练习课，核心语法为**as...as 同级比较的系统操练**：
- as + 原级 + as 和……一样
- not as/so + 原级 + as 不如……
- not as...as 可转换为比较级（意思反转）
- as...as 中间只能用原级，不能用比较级