# 第一册 Lesson 100 He says that... She says that... They say that... 他/她/他们说……

## 一、课文原文

Look at number 1.
I feel tired.
What's that?
He says that he feels tired.

Look at number 2.
I've got a headache.
What's that?
She says that she's got a headache.

Look at number 3.
I want some money.
What's that?
He says that he wants some money.

Look at number 4.
I'm cold.
What's that?
She says that she is cold.

Look at number 5.
I feel ill.
What's that?
He says that he feels ill.

Look at number 6.
I've got a cold.
What's that?
She says that she's got a cold.

Look at number 7.
I need a licence.
What's that?
He says that he needs a licence.

Look at number 8.
I want an X-ray.
What's that?
She says that she wants an X-ray.

Look at number 9.
I feel thirsty.
What's that?
He says that he feels thirsty.

Look at number 10.
I need a haircut.
What's that?
She says that she needs a haircut.

Look at number 11.
I've got an earache.
What's that?
He says that he's got an earache.

Look at number 12.
I feel hungry.
What's that?
She says that she feels hungry.

Look at number 13.
I want a ham sandwich.
What's that?
He says that he wants a ham sandwich.

Look at number 14.
I've got toothache.
What's that?
She says that she's got toothache.

Look at number 15.
I need a holiday.
What's that?
He says that he needs a holiday.

Look at number 16.
I will sell this house.
What's that?
He says that he will sell this house.

## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| headache | /ˈhedeɪk/ | n. | 头痛 | have got a headache 头痛，类似搭配：toothache, earache, stomachache |
| licence | /ˈlaɪsns/ | n. | 执照 | driving licence 驾照；美式拼写为 license |
| X-ray | /ˈeks reɪ/ | n. | X光 | have an X-ray 拍X光片 |
| thirsty | /ˈθɜːsti/ | adj. | 口渴的 | feel thirsty 感到口渴；比较级：thirstier |
| haircut | /ˈheəkʌt/ | n. | 理发 | need a haircut 需要理发；have/get a haircut 理发 |
| earache | /ˈɪəreɪk/ | n. | 耳痛 | have got an earache 耳朵痛 |
| toothache | /ˈtuːθeɪk/ | n. | 牙痛 | have got toothache 牙痛（注意：不加冠词a） |
| ham | /hæm/ | n. | 火腿 | ham sandwich 火腿三明治 |
| sandwich | /ˈsænwɪtʃ/ | n. | 三明治 | 复数：sandwiches |
| holiday | /ˈhɒlɪdeɪ/ | n. | 假日，假期 | need a holiday 需要度假；on holiday 在度假 |

## 三、语法知识点

### 间接引语（Indirect Speech）—— 陈述句的转述

间接引语是用自己的话转述别人说的话，不需要用引号。

**基本结构**：

| 主句 | 引导词 | 从句（原话变为从句） |
|------|--------|---------------------|
| He says | that | he feels tired. |
| She says | that | she's got a headache. |
| They say | that | they are cold. |

**关键规则**：

1. **that 可以省略**：He says (that) he feels tired.
2. **人称变化**：第一人称变为与主句一致的人称
   - "I feel tired." → He says that **he** feels tired.
   - "I've got a headache." → She says that **she**'s got a headache.
3. **时态一致**：当主句为一般现在时（says），从句时态不变

| 直接引语 | 间接引语 |
|---------|---------|
| "I feel tired." | He says that he feels tired. |
| "I've got a headache." | She says that she's got a headache. |
| "I want some money." | He says that he wants some money. |
| "I will sell this house." | He says that he will sell this house. |

## 四、重点句型分析

### 1. He/She says that + 从句

> He says that he feels tired.

- **主句**：He says（一般现在时）
- **that**：引导宾语从句的连词，可省略
- **从句**：he feels tired（转述内容）
- 人称"I"变为"he"，与主句主语一致

### 2. What's that? —— 询问含义

> "I feel tired." "What's that?" "He says that he feels tired."

- 这里的"What's that?"意思是"那是什么意思？"
- 用于引导间接引语的练习

## 五、课文翻译

看第1个。我感到累了。那是什么意思？他说他感到累了。

看第2个。我头痛。那是什么意思？她说她头痛。

看第3个。我想要一些钱。那是什么意思？他说他想要一些钱。

看第4个。我冷。那是什么意思？她说她冷。

看第5个。我感觉不舒服。那是什么意思？他说他感觉不舒服。

看第6个。我感冒了。那是什么意思？她说她感冒了。

看第7个。我需要一张执照。那是什么意思？他说他需要一张执照。

看第8个。我想拍X光。那是什么意思？她说她想拍X光。

看第9个。我渴了。那是什么意思？他说他渴了。

看第10个。我需要理发。那是什么意思？她说她需要理发。

看第11个。我耳朵痛。那是什么意思？他说他耳朵痛。

看第12个。我饿了。那是什么意思？她说她饿了。

看第13个。我想要一个火腿三明治。那是什么意思？他说他想要一个火腿三明治。

看第14个。我牙痛。那是什么意思？她说她牙痛。

看第15个。我需要度假。那是什么意思？他说他需要度假。

看第16个。我将卖掉这所房子。那是什么意思？他说他将卖掉这所房子。

## 六、语言点精讲

1. **have got 与 have 的区别**：在英式英语中，have got = have，常用于口语。"I've got a headache" = "I have a headache"，但have got更口语化。

2. **复合名词**：headache, earache, toothache 都是由"身体部位 + ache"构成的复合词。注意toothache前通常不加冠词a，而headache和earache前要加a。

3. **feel 的用法**：feel + 形容词，表示"感觉……"，如 feel tired / ill / thirsty / hungry。feel 是连系动词，后接形容词作表语。

4. **that 的省略**：在口语中，that常被省略。He says he feels tired. 书面语中建议保留。

5. **间接引语的人称转换**：转述时，原话中的人称要做相应变化。I → he/she，we → they，my → his/her等。

## 七、课后练习要点

1. 将直接引语改为间接引语时，注意人称的转换
2. 掌握He/She/They says that + 从句的句型结构
3. 熟记各种病痛表达：have got a headache / earache / toothache / cold
4. 练习用says that转述他人的话
5. 注意that在口语中可省略

## 八、本课小结

本课核心语法为**间接引语（陈述句）**，重点掌握：
- He/She/They say(s) that + 从句的句型
- 直接引语转间接引语时人称的变化
- that引导词的使用与省略
- 各种身体不适的表达方式：feel tired/ill/thirsty/hungry, have got a headache/cold/toothache/earache