# 第一册 Lesson 99 Ow! 哎哟！

## 一、课文原文

ANDY: Ow!
LUCY: What's the matter, Andy?
ANDY: I slipped and fell downstairs.
LUCY: Have you hurt yourself?
ANDY: Yes, I have. I think that I've hurt my back.
LUCY: Try and stand up. Can you stand up? Here. Let me help you.
ANDY: I'm sorry, Lucy. I'm afraid that I can't get up.
LUCY: I think that the doctor had better see you. I'll telephone Dr Carter.
LUCY: The doctor says that he will come at once. I'm sure that you need an X-ray, Andy.

## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| slip | /slɪp/ | v. | 滑倒 | slip on the ice 在冰上滑倒 |
| fall | /fɔːl/ | v. | 摔倒，落下 | fall - fell - fallen；fall downstairs 摔下楼梯 |
| downstairs | /ˌdaʊnˈsteəz/ | adv. | 楼下 | fall downstairs 摔下楼梯；go downstairs 下楼 |
| hurt | /hɜːt/ | v. | 伤害，受伤 | hurt - hurt - hurt（三者同形） |
| back | /bæk/ | n. | 背部 | hurt one's back 伤了背 |
| help | /help/ | v. | 帮助 | Let me help you. 让我帮你。 |
| sure | /ʃɔː/ | adj. | 确信的 | I'm sure that... 我确信…… |
| X-ray | /ˈeks reɪ/ | n. | X光 | need an X-ray 需要拍X光 |
| at once | /ət wʌns/ | 短语 | 立刻，马上 | come at once 马上来 |

## 三、语法知识点

### 直接引语变间接引语（Reported Speech）

**核心变化规则**：

| 变化项 | 直接引语 | 间接引语 |
|--------|----------|----------|
| 人称 | I / you | he / she |
| 时态 | 现在时 | 过去时 |
| 指示代词 | this | that |
| 时间状语 | now | then |
| 地点状语 | here | there |

**例句对比**：

| 直接引语 | 间接引语 |
|----------|----------|
| "I've hurt my back." | He says that he's hurt his back. |
| "I will come at once." | The doctor says that he will come at once. |
| "You need an X-ray." | I'm sure that you need an X-ray. |

**注意**：当引述动词为 says（现在时），间接引语的时态不变；当引述动词为 said（过去时），间接引语的时态需后退一步。

### 宾语从句

本课出现的宾语从句：

1. **I think that I've hurt my back.** — think 后接 that 从句
2. **I'm afraid that I can't get up.** — be afraid 后接 that 从句
3. **I think that the doctor had better see you.** — think 后接 that 从句
4. **The doctor says that he will come at once.** — says 后接 that 从句
5. **I'm sure that you need an X-ray.** — be sure 后接 that 从句

## 四、重点句型分析

1. **I slipped and fell downstairs.** — 两个过去式动词并列
2. **Have you hurt yourself?** — 反身代词 yourself
3. **I think that I've hurt my back.** — that 引导宾语从句
4. **Try and stand up.** — try and do 试着做（口语）
5. **Let me help you.** — Let me + do 让我来
6. **I'm afraid that I can't get up.** — I'm afraid that... 恐怕……
7. **The doctor had better see you.** — had better 最好
8. **I'll telephone Dr Carter.** — will 将来时
9. **The doctor says that he will come at once.** — 间接引语

## 五、课文翻译

安迪：哎哟！
露西：怎么了，安迪？
安迪：我滑了一跤，从楼梯上摔了下来。
露西：你受伤了吗？
安迪：是的，我想我伤了背。
露西：试着站起来。你能站起来吗？来，让我扶你。
安迪：对不起，露西。恐怕我站不起来。
露西：我想最好让医生来看看你。我去给卡特医生打电话。
露西：医生说他马上就来。我肯定你需要拍X光片，安迪。

## 六、语言点精讲

1. **Ow!**：疼痛时的感叹词，类似于中文"哎哟！"
2. **slip and fall**：两个动作紧密相连——滑倒并摔下
3. **hurt oneself**：hurt 为不规则动词，三态同形（hurt - hurt - hurt）
4. **反身代词**：myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
5. **try and do**：口语中常用 try and do 替代 try to do
6. **that 从句**：that 在宾语从句中只起连接作用，口语中常省略
7. **间接引语的时态**：当主句为现在时（says），从句时态不变；主句为过去时（said），从句时态后退

## 七、课后练习要点

1. 掌握直接引语变间接引语的基本规则
2. 练习 that 引导的宾语从句
3. 熟记 hurt 的三态同形
4. 复习 had better 的用法
5. 掌握反身代词的用法

## 八、本课小结

- 核心场景：意外受伤，打电话叫医生
- 核心语法：直接引语变间接引语；宾语从句
- 关键句型：I think that..., I'm afraid that..., The doctor says that..., had better
- 重要词汇：slip, fall, hurt, X-ray, at once