# 第一册 Lesson 80 I have got to... 我必须……

## 一、课文原文

本课为练习课，无新对话课文。主要复习L79的语法内容，围绕 have got 和 have got to 进行句型操练。

**句型练习示例**：

1. I haven't got any butter. — You must go to the grocer's to get some butter.
2. I haven't got any eggs. — You must go to the grocer's to get some eggs.
3. I haven't got any meat. — You must go to the butcher's to get some meat.
4. I haven't got any bread. — You must go to the baker's to get some bread.
5. I haven't got any vegetables. — You must go to the greengrocer's to get some vegetables.

## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| butter | /ˈbʌtə/ | n. | 黄油 | some butter 一些黄油（不可数） |
| egg | /eɡ/ | n. | 鸡蛋 | some eggs 一些鸡蛋（可数） |
| bread | /bred/ | n. | 面包 | a loaf of bread 一条面包 |
| baker | /ˈbeɪkə/ | n. | 面包师 | baker's 面包店 |
| fruit | /fruːt/ | n. | 水果 | some fruit 一些水果 |
| stationer | /ˈsteɪʃənə/ | n. | 文具商 | stationer's 文具店 |
| newsagent | /ˈnjuːzeɪdʒənt/ | n. | 报刊经销商 | newsagent's 报刊亭 |
| chemist | /ˈkemɪst/ | n. | 药剂师 | chemist's 药店 |

## 三、语法知识点

### have got to = must / have to

| 结构 | 含义 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| have got to | 必须，不得不 | I've got to go now. 我现在得走了。 |
| have to | 必须，不得不 | I have to go now. |
| must | 必须 | I must go now. |

**have got to 的缩写**：I've got to = I've gotta（口语）

### 各类店铺总结

| 店铺 | 英文 | 卖什么 |
|------|------|--------|
| 杂货店 | grocer's | 茶叶、咖啡、糖、果酱 |
| 蔬菜水果店 | greengrocer's | 蔬菜、水果 |
| 肉店 | butcher's | 肉类 |
| 面包店 | baker's | 面包、蛋糕 |
| 文具店 | stationer's | 文具 |
| 报刊亭 | newsagent's | 报纸、杂志 |
| 药店 | chemist's | 药品 |

## 四、重点句型分析

1. **I haven't got any butter.** — have got 否定句
2. **You must go to the grocer's to get some butter.** — must + go to + 店铺 + to get + 物品
3. **to get...** — 不定式表目的

## 五、课文翻译

1. 我没有黄油了。——你必须去杂货店买些黄油。
2. 我没有鸡蛋了。——你必须去杂货店买些鸡蛋。
3. 我没有肉了。——你必须去肉店买些肉。
4. 我没有面包了。——你必须去面包店买些面包。
5. 我没有蔬菜了。——你必须去蔬菜水果店买些蔬菜。

## 六、语言点精讲

1. **have got to vs must**：have got to 更口语化；must 更正式
2. **'s 表示店铺**：所有格省略 shop——the baker's = the baker's shop
3. **to get 表目的**：go to the shop to get some milk 去商店买牛奶
4. **any 在否定句中**：I haven't got any...（不用 some）

## 七、课后练习要点

1. 熟练运用 have got 的否定和疑问句式
2. 掌握各类店铺的英文名称
3. 练习 to get 表目的的句型
4. 区分 some 和 any 的用法

## 八、本课小结

- 课型：练习课
- 核心语法：have got / have got to；各类店铺名称
- 关键句型：I haven't got any..., You must go to...to get...
- 词汇重点：baker's, stationer's, newsagent's, chemist's