# 第一册 Lesson 77 Terrible toothache 要命的牙痛

## 一、课文原文

NURSE: Good morning, Mr Croft.
MR. CROFT: Good morning, nurse. I want to see the dentist, please.
NURSE: Do you have an appointment?
MR. CROFT: No, I don't.
NURSE: Is it urgent?
MR. CROFT: Yes, it is. It's very urgent. I feel awful. I have a terrible toothache.
NURSE: Can you come at 10 a.m. on Monday, April 24th?
MR. CROFT: I must see the dentist now, nurse.
NURSE: The dentist is very busy at the moment. Can you come at 2 p.m.?
MR. CROFT: That's very late. Can't the dentist see me now?
NURSE: I'm afraid that he can't, Mr Croft. Can't you wait till this afternoon?
MR. CROFT: I can wait, but my toothache can't!

## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| appointment | /əˈpɔɪntmənt/ | n. | 预约 | have an appointment 有预约；make an appointment 预约 |
| urgent | /ˈɜːdʒənt/ | adj. | 紧急的 | It's urgent. 很紧急。urgency n. 紧迫 |
| terrible | /ˈterəbl/ | adj. | 可怕的，严重的 | terrible toothache 要命的牙痛；terrible weather 糟糕的天气 |
| toothache | /ˈtuːθeɪk/ | n. | 牙痛 | have a toothache 牙痛；-ache 后缀表疼痛 |
| dentist | /ˈdentɪst/ | n. | 牙医 | see the dentist 看牙医；dental adj. 牙科的 |
| awful | /ˈɔːfl/ | adj. | 极坏的，难受的 | I feel awful. 我难受极了。awful = terrible |
| moment | /ˈməʊmənt/ | n. | 片刻，时刻 | at the moment 此刻，现在；wait a moment 等一下 |
| afraid | /əˈfreɪd/ | adj. | 害怕的，恐怕 | I'm afraid that... 恐怕……（委婉表达） |
| till | /tɪl/ | prep. | 直到…… | = until，口语中常用 till |
| wait | /weɪt/ | v. | 等待 | wait for sb. 等某人；can't wait 等不及 |

## 三、语法知识点

### 一般过去时（Simple Past Tense）

本课虽对话以一般现在时为主，但L77-78的核心语法为**一般过去时**。

**构成规则**：

| 类别 | 规则 | 例词 |
|------|------|------|
| 一般动词 | 加 -ed | worked, played |
| 以e结尾 | 加 -d | lived, liked |
| 辅音+y结尾 | 变y为i加-ed | studied, carried |
| 重读闭音节 | 双写辅音加-ed | stopped, planned |

**不规则动词**（需记忆）：

| 原形 | 过去式 | 原形 | 过去式 |
|------|--------|------|--------|
| go | went | see | saw |
| have | had | come | came |
| do | did | say | said |
| get | got | take | took |
| leave | left | buy | bought |

**否定句**：主语 + didn't + 动词原形
- I didn't go to school yesterday.

**疑问句**：Did + 主语 + 动词原形？
- Did you see the dentist?

## 四、重点句型分析

1. **I want to see the dentist.** — want to do sth. 想要做某事
2. **Do you have an appointment?** — have an appointment 有预约
3. **I must see the dentist now.** — must 表示必须，语气强烈
4. **Can't the dentist see me now?** — 否定疑问句，表示期待肯定回答
5. **I'm afraid that he can't.** — I'm afraid that... 委婉地表达拒绝
6. **I can wait, but my toothache can't!** — 幽默表达，拟人手法

## 五、课文翻译

护士：早上好，克罗夫特先生。
克罗夫特先生：早上好，护士。我想看牙医。
护士：您预约了吗？
克罗夫特先生：没有。
护士：急吗？
克罗夫特先生：是的，很急。非常紧急。我难受极了，牙痛得要命。
护士：您能在4月24日星期一上午10点来吗？
克罗夫特先生：我现在就必须看牙医，护士。
护士：牙医现在很忙。您能下午2点来吗？
克罗夫特先生：那太晚了。牙医现在不能看我吗？
护士：恐怕不能，克罗夫特先生。您不能等到今天下午吗？
克罗夫特先生：我可以等，但我的牙痛等不了！

## 六、语言点精讲

1. **appointment vs. date**：appointment 用于商务/就医预约；date 多指约会
2. **at 10 a.m. on Monday, April 24th**：时间介词用法——at + 具体时刻，on + 具体日期
3. **I'm afraid that...**：礼貌拒绝的常用句式，比直接说 No 更委婉
4. **can't 的两种用法**：can't = cannot（不能）；can't = 不可能（表推测）
5. **but my toothache can't**：幽默表达，将 toothache 拟人化，增强了表达效果

## 七、课后练习要点

1. 掌握一般过去时的构成（规则动词加-ed，不规则动词需记忆）
2. 练习预约场景的常用表达
3. 掌握否定疑问句的构成和回答
4. 熟练使用 I'm afraid that... 表委婉拒绝

## 八、本课小结

- 核心场景：预约看牙医，表达紧急情况
- 核心语法：一般过去时（L77-78配套）
- 关键句型：I want to..., I must..., I'm afraid that..., Can't you...?
- 表达技巧：用 I'm afraid that... 委婉拒绝，幽默结尾增强表达力