# 第一册 Lesson 60 What's the time? 几点钟？/ 现在进行时与一般现在时对比

## 一、课文原文

1. — What's the time? — It's eight o'clock. — What are you doing? — I'm reading a book.

2. — What's the time? — It's nine o'clock. — What is he doing? — He's writing a letter.

3. — What's the time? — It's ten o'clock. — What are they doing? — They're playing in the garden.

4. — What's the time? — It's eleven o'clock. — What is she doing? — She's having lunch.

5. — What's the time? — It's twelve o'clock. — What are you doing? — We're doing our homework.

6. — What's the time? — It's one o'clock. — What are they doing? — They're typing letters.

7. — What's the time? — It's two o'clock. — What is he doing? — He's painting this bookcase.

8. — What's the time? — It's three o'clock. — What are you doing? — I'm washing the dishes.

## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| write | /raɪt/ | v. | 写 | write a letter 写信 |
| letter | /ˈletə/ | n. | 信；字母 | type letters 打信件 |
| have lunch | /hæv lʌntʃ/ | phrase | 吃午饭 | have = eat |
| type | /taɪp/ | v. | 打字 | type a letter 打一封信 |
| paint | /peɪnt/ | v. | 油漆；绘画 | paint the bookcase 给书架刷漆 |
| bookcase | /ˈbʊkkeɪs/ | n. | 书架，书柜 | book + case |
| wash | /wɒʃ/ | v. | 洗 | wash the dishes 洗碗 |
| dish | /dɪʃ/ | n. | 盘子，碟子 | 复数 dishes |

## 三、语法知识点

### 现在进行时疑问句

| 句型 | 结构 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| 单数疑问句 | What + is + 主语 + doing? | What is he doing? |
| 复数疑问句 | What + are + 主语 + doing? | What are they doing? |
| 第一人称 | What + am + I + doing? | What am I doing? |

### 现在进行时句型总结

| 句型 | 结构 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| 肯定句 | 主语 + am/is/are + v.-ing | He is writing a letter. |
| 否定句 | 主语 + am/is/are + not + v.-ing | He is not writing a letter. |
| 疑问句 | Am/Is/Are + 主语 + v.-ing? | Is he writing a letter? |
| 特殊疑问句 | What + am/is/are + 主语 + doing? | What is he doing? |

### 一般现在时 vs 现在进行时总结

| 对比项 | 一般现在时 | 现在进行时 |
|--------|-----------|-----------|
| 含义 | 习惯性、规律性动作 | 此刻正在进行的动作 |
| 结构 | 主语 + 动词 | 主语 + am/is/are + v.-ing |
| 标志词 | every day, usually, always | now, today, at the moment |
| 例句 | He writes a letter every day. | He is writing a letter now. |

## 四、重点句型分析

### 1. What are you doing? 你在做什么？
- 现在进行时特殊疑问句
- 回答：I'm reading a book.

### 2. She's having lunch. 她在吃午饭。
- have lunch 吃午饭（have = eat）
- 现在进行时：have → having

### 3. He's painting this bookcase. 他在给书架刷漆。
- paint 油漆，也可指绘画
- paint + 宾语：给……刷漆

### 4. I'm washing the dishes. 我在洗碗。
- wash the dishes = do the dishes
- dish 复数 dishes

## 五、课文翻译

1. — 几点了？— 八点。— 你在做什么？— 我在看书。
2. — 几点了？— 九点。— 他在做什么？— 他在写信。
3. — 几点了？— 十点。— 他们在做什么？— 他们在花园里玩耍。
4. — 几点了？— 十一点。— 她在做什么？— 她在吃午饭。
5. — 几点了？— 十二点。— 你们在做什么？— 我们在做作业。
6. — 几点了？— 一点。— 他们在做什么？— 他们在打信件。
7. — 几点了？— 两点。— 他在做什么？— 他在给这个书架刷漆。
8. — 几点了？— 三点。— 你在做什么？— 我在洗碗。

## 六、语言点精讲

1. **What are you doing?** — 现在进行时最常用的特殊疑问句，询问当前正在进行的动作。
2. **have lunch** — have 在此意为"吃"，不是"有"。类似搭配：have breakfast, have dinner, have a meal。
3. **paint the bookcase** — paint 作动词"给……上漆/涂漆"，作名词则指"油漆、颜料"。
4. **wash the dishes** — 英式说 wash up 也可以表示"洗碗"。
5. **缩写形式**：He's = He is, They're = They are, I'm = I am（口语中常用缩写）。

## 七、课后练习要点

1. 熟练掌握现在进行时的各种句型（肯定、否定、疑问、特殊疑问）
2. 练习 What are you doing? / What is he doing? 问答
3. 巩固一般现在时与现在进行时的对比
4. 掌握动词 -ing 形式的变化规则

## 八、本课小结

- 核心语法：现在进行时疑问句及完整句型总结
- 核心词汇：write, type, paint, wash, bookcase, dishes
- 核心句型：What are you doing? / What is he doing?
- 语法对比：一般现在时（习惯）vs 现在进行时（正在进行）