# 第一册 Lesson 58 What's the time? 几点钟？

## 一、课文原文

1. — What's the time? — It's one o'clock.

2. — What's the time? — It's two o'clock.

3. — What's the time? — It's three o'clock.

4. — What's the time? — It's four o'clock.

5. — What's the time? — It's five o'clock.

6. — What's the time? — It's six o'clock.

7. — What's the time? — It's seven o'clock.

8. — What's the time? — It's eight o'clock.

9. — What's the time? — It's nine o'clock.

10. — What's the time? — It's ten o'clock.

11. — What's the time? — It's eleven o'clock.

12. — What's the time? — It's twelve o'clock.

**时间表达扩展**：

- It's half past one. (1:30)
- It's a quarter past two. (2:15)
- It's a quarter to three. (2:45)
- It's ten to four. (3:50)
- It's five past five. (5:05)

## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| o'clock | /əˈklɒk/ | adv. | ……点钟 | 只用于整点 |
| half | /hɑːf/ | n. | 半，一半 | half past ... ……点半 |
| past | /pɑːst/ | prep. | 过（时间） | five past two 两点过五分 |
| quarter | /ˈkwɔːtə/ | n. | 一刻钟；四分之一 | a quarter past/to 一刻过/差一刻 |
| to | /tuː/ | prep. | 差（时间） | ten to four 差十分四点 |

## 三、语法知识点

### 时间表达法

| 时间 | 英文表达 | 中文 |
|------|----------|------|
| 整点 | It's one o'clock. | 一点整 |
| 半点 | It's half past one. | 一点半 |
| 过几分 | It's five past one. | 一点过五分 |
| 过一刻 | It's a quarter past one. | 一点一刻 |
| 差几分 | It's ten to two. | 差十分两点 |
| 差一刻 | It's a quarter to two. | 差一刻两点 |

### 时间表达规则

1. **整点**：数字 + o'clock
2. **≤ 30分钟**：分钟 + past + 小时（"过"）
3. **> 30分钟**：分钟(60-实际分钟) + to + 下一小时（"差"）
4. **15分钟**：a quarter 代替 fifteen
5. **30分钟**：half 代替 thirty

### 数字时间与文字表达对照

| 数字 | 表达 | 数字 | 表达 |
|------|------|------|------|
| 1:05 | five past one | 1:55 | five to two |
| 1:15 | a quarter past one | 1:45 | a quarter to two |
| 1:30 | half past one | 2:30 | half past two |

## 四、重点句型分析

### 1. What's the time? 几点了？
- = What time is it?
- 回答：It's + 时间

### 2. It's half past one. 一点半。
- half past + 小时：半点表达
- past 表示"过了"

### 3. It's a quarter to two. 差一刻两点（1:45）。
- a quarter to + 下一小时
- to 表示"差、不到"

### 4. 两种问法
- What's the time?（更口语化）
- What time is it?（更标准）

## 五、课文翻译

1. — 几点了？— 一点钟。
2. — 几点了？— 两点钟。
3. — 几点了？— 三点钟。
4. — 几点了？— 四点钟。
5. — 几点了？— 五点钟。
6. — 几点了？— 六点钟。
7. — 几点了？— 七点钟。
8. — 几点了？— 八点钟。
9. — 几点了？— 九点钟。
10. — 几点了？— 十点钟。
11. — 几点了？— 十一点钟。
12. — 几点了？— 十二点钟。

扩展：
- 一点半 / 两点一刻 / 差一刻三点 / 差十分四点 / 五点过五分

## 六、语言点精讲

1. **o'clock** — 只用于整点，不能说 It's half past one o'clock（错误）。
2. **past 和 to 的选择** — 以30分钟为界：≤30分钟用 past，>30分钟用 to。
3. **a quarter** — 表示15分钟，不能用 one quarter。
4. **美式英语** — 美国常直接读数字：1:30 = one thirty，1:15 = one fifteen。

## 七、课后练习要点

1. 熟练掌握时间的英文表达（整点、半点、几点过几分、差几分几点）
2. 区分 past 和 to 的用法
3. 掌握 half 和 quarter 的用法
4. 练习 What's the time? 的问答

## 八、本课小结

- 核心语法：时间表达法（past/to/half/quarter）
- 核心词汇：o'clock, half, past, quarter, to
- 核心句型：What's the time? / It's half past one.
- 易错点：o'clock 只用于整点；past/to 的选择