# 第一册 Lesson 57 An unusual day 不寻常的一天

## 一、课文原文

It is eight o'clock. The children go to school by car every day, but today, they are going to school on foot.

It is ten o'clock. Mrs. Sawyer usually stays at home in the morning, but this morning, she is going to the shops.

It is four o'clock. In the afternoon, Mrs. Sawyer usually drinks tea in the living room, but this afternoon, she is drinking tea in the garden.

It is six o'clock. In the evening, the children usually do their homework, but this evening, they are not doing their homework. They are playing in the garden.

It is nine o'clock. Mr. Sawyer usually reads his newspaper at night, but he is not reading his newspaper tonight. He is reading an interesting book.

## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| unusual | /ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/ | adj. | 不寻常的 | un-(否定前缀) + usual |
| o'clock | /əˈklɒk/ | adv. | ……点钟 | of the clock 的缩写 |
| by car | /baɪ kɑː/ | phrase | 乘汽车 | by + 交通方式，不加冠词 |
| on foot | /ɒn fʊt/ | phrase | 步行 | 固定搭配，foot 前不加 a/the |
| shop | /ʃɒp/ | n. | 商店 | go to the shops 去购物 |
| living room | /ˈlɪvɪŋ ruːm/ | n. | 起居室 | = sitting room |
| tonight | /təˈnaɪt/ | adv. | 今晚 | to + night |
| interesting | /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/ | adj. | 有趣的 | 修饰物；interested 修饰人 |

## 三、语法知识点

### 现在进行时 vs 一般现在时

本课核心语法：对比一般现在时（习惯性动作）与现在进行时（当下正在发生的动作）。

| 时态 | 用法 | 结构 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|------|
| 一般现在时 | 习惯性、规律性动作 | 主语 + 动词(原形/三单) | They go to school by car every day. |
| 现在进行时 | 此时此刻正在进行的动作 | 主语 + am/is/are + v.-ing | They are going to school on foot today. |

**标志词对比**：

| 一般现在时标志词 | 现在进行时标志词 |
|-----------------|-----------------|
| every day | now |
| usually | today |
| always | this morning/afternoon/evening |
| often | at the moment |

### 现在进行时的构成

| 主语 | 肯定句 | 否定句 | 疑问句 |
|------|--------|--------|--------|
| I | I am reading. | I am not reading. | Am I reading? |
| He/She | He is reading. | He is not reading. | Is he reading? |
| We/They | They are reading. | They are not reading. | Are they reading? |

### 动词 -ing 形式变化规则

| 规则 | 原形 | -ing 形式 |
|------|------|-----------|
| 一般加 -ing | go | going |
| 以不发音 e 结尾，去 e 加 -ing | live | living |
| 重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音加 -ing | sit | sitting |

## 四、重点句型分析

### 1. but today, they are going to school on foot
- but 连接对比：日常习惯 vs 今天特殊情况
- on foot 步行，by car 乘车

### 2. she is going to the shops
- go to the shops = go shopping 去购物
- 注意 the shops 指具体的商店

### 3. she is drinking tea in the garden
- 现在进行时：此刻正在喝茶
- 对比：she usually drinks tea（一般现在时：通常喝茶）

### 4. They are playing in the garden.
- 现在进行时：此刻正在玩耍
- play in the garden 在花园里玩

## 五、课文翻译

现在是八点钟。孩子们每天乘汽车上学，但是今天，他们正步行上学。

现在是十点钟。索耶太太上午通常待在家里，但是今天上午，她正要去商店购物。

现在是四点钟。下午，索耶太太通常在起居室里喝茶，但是今天下午，她正在花园里喝茶。

现在是六点钟。傍晚，孩子们通常做作业，但是今天傍晚，他们没有在做作业。他们正在花园里玩耍。

现在是九点钟。索耶先生通常在夜里看报纸，但是今晚他没有在看报纸。他正在看一本有趣的书。

## 六、语言点精讲

1. **by car / on foot** — 交通方式表达：by + 交通工具（不加冠词），on foot 是固定搭配。
2. **go to the shops** — 特指去某些商店购物，不同于 go to school（抽象的去上学）。
3. **living room** — 起居室/客厅，英式英语常用 sitting room。
4. **this morning / this afternoon / this evening / tonight** — 与一般现在时中的 in the morning 等形成对比，暗示"今天这个上午/下午/傍晚/晚上"。
5. **an interesting book** — interesting 修饰物（书有趣），注意与 interested（人感兴趣）区分。

## 七、课后练习要点

1. 重点掌握一般现在时与现在进行时的区别与对比
2. 熟练变换肯定句、否定句、疑问句
3. 掌握动词 -ing 形式的变化规则
4. 练习交通方式表达 by car / on foot / by bus / by train

## 八、本课小结

- 核心语法：一般现在时 vs 现在进行时的对比
- 核心词汇：unusual, by car, on foot, living room, tonight
- 核心句型：usually...but today...（日常 vs 例外）
- 关键对比：every day → 一般现在时；today/this morning → 现在进行时