# 第一册 Lesson 55 The Sawyer family 索耶一家

## 一、课文原文

The Sawyer family lives at 87 King Street.

In the morning, Mr. Sawyer goes to work and the children go to school. Mrs. Sawyer stays at home every day. She does the housework.

She always eats her lunch at noon.

In the afternoon, she usually sees her friends. They often drink tea together.

In the evening, the children come home from school. They arrive home early.

Mr. Sawyer comes home from work. He arrives home late.

At night, the children always do their homework. Then they go to bed. Mr. Sawyer usually reads his newspaper, but sometimes he and his wife watch television.

## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| live | /lɪv/ | v. | 住，居住 | live at 住在（具体地址） |
| stay | /steɪ/ | v. | 停留，待在 | stay at home 待在家里 |
| housework | /ˈhaʊswɜːk/ | n. | 家务 | do the housework 做家务 |
| lunch | /lʌntʃ/ | n. | 午餐 | at noon 在正午 |
| together | /təˈɡeðə/ | adv. | 一起 | drink tea together 一起喝茶 |
| usually | /ˈjuːʒuəli/ | adv. | 通常 | 频率副词 |
| arrive | /əˈraɪv/ | v. | 到达 | arrive home 到家 |
| night | /naɪt/ | n. | 夜晚 | at night 在夜里 |
| homework | /ˈhəʊmwɜːk/ | n. | 家庭作业 | do one's homework 做作业 |
| newspaper | /ˈnjuːzpeɪpə/ | n. | 报纸 | read a newspaper 看报纸 |

## 三、语法知识点

### 一般现在时描述日常习惯

本课用一般现在时描述索耶一家每天重复的日常活动：

| 时间 | 主语 | 活动 |
|------|------|------|
| In the morning | Mr. Sawyer | goes to work |
| In the morning | the children | go to school |
| every day | Mrs. Sawyer | stays at home |
| at noon | Mrs. Sawyer | eats her lunch |
| In the afternoon | Mrs. Sawyer | sees her friends |
| In the evening | the children | arrive home early |
| At night | the children | do their homework |

### 时间介词 in / at / on 的用法

| 介词 | 用法 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| in | in the morning/afternoon/evening | In the morning, Mr. Sawyer goes to work. |
| at | at noon / at night / at + 时间点 | She eats her lunch at noon. |
| on | on + 具体某一天 | on Monday / on May 1st |

### 第三人称单数动词变化

| 原形 | 第三人称单数 | 变化规则 |
|------|-------------|----------|
| go | goes | 以 o 结尾加 -es |
| stay | stays | 一般加 -s |
| do | does | 以 o 结尾加 -es |
| eat | eats | 一般加 -s |
| arrive | arrives | 一般加 -s |
| watch | watches | 以 ch 结尾加 -es |

## 四、重点句型分析

### 1. The Sawyer family lives at 87 King Street.
- The Sawyer family 索耶一家（family 作为整体，谓语用单数）
- live at + 门牌号 + 街道名

### 2. She does the housework. 她做家务。
- do the housework 固定搭配
- 类似：do homework, do the shopping, do the washing

### 3. They often drink tea together. 她们经常一起喝茶。
- together 放在句末

### 4. arrive home 到家
- home 在这里是副词，前面不加 to
- 对比：arrive at the station 到达车站（station是名词）

### 5. go to bed 上床睡觉
- 固定搭配，bed 前不加物主代词

## 五、课文翻译

索耶一家住在国王街87号。

早上，索耶先生去上班，孩子们去上学。索耶太太每天待在家里。她做家务。

她总是在正午吃午饭。

下午，她通常去看朋友。她们经常一起喝茶。

傍晚，孩子们放学回家。他们到家很早。

索耶先生下班回家。他到家很晚。

夜里，孩子们总是做作业。然后他们上床睡觉。索耶先生通常看报纸，但有时他和妻子一起看电视。

## 六、语言点精讲

1. **The Sawyer family** — 姓氏 + family 表示"某一家"。谓语动词用单数（lives），因为 family 作为整体。
2. **go to work / go to school** — work 和 school 前不加冠词 the，表示抽象的去上班/上学。
3. **arrive home** — home 是副词，不加 at。但 arrive at school, arrive at the airport 中要加 at。
4. **do their homework** — homework 不可数，不能说 homeworks。
5. **Then they go to bed.** — then 表示"然后"，连接先后动作。

## 七、课后练习要点

1. 掌握一般现在时描述日常生活的用法
2. 熟练运用时间介词 in / at / on
3. 练习第三人称单数动词变化
4. 掌握 arrive home 与 arrive at... 的区别

## 八、本课小结

- 核心语法：一般现在时描述日常习惯活动
- 核心词汇：日常生活类词汇（housework, homework, newspaper 等）
- 核心句型：时间介词 in the morning / at noon / at night
- 文化要点：英国家庭的日常生活节奏